[Concept] incentive theory-Herzberg's theory of Motivation)

See http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/ob/motivation/herzberg/

Herzberg found that the factors causing job satisfaction (and presumably motivation) were different from those causing job dissatisfaction. He developedMotivation-hygieneTheory to explain these results. He called the satisfiersMotivatorsAnd the dissatisfiersHygiene factors, Using the term "hygiene" in the sense that they are considered maintenance factors that are necessary to avoid dissatisfaction but that by themselves do not provide satisfaction.

The following table presents the top six factors causing dissatisfaction and the top six factors causing satisfaction, listed in the order of higher to lower importance.

Factors Affecting Job Attitudes

Leading to Dissatisfaction	Leading to Satisfaction
Company policy Supervision Relationship w/Boss Work conditions Salary Relationship w/Peers	Achievement Recognition Work itself Responsibility Advancement Growth

It is worth noting that salary is not at ease in the right column of the table above. The following explanation is very interesting:

While at first glance this distinction between the two opposites may sound like a play on words, Herzberg argued that there are two distinct human needs portrayed. first, there are physiological needs that can be fulfilled by money, for example, to purchase food and shelter. second, there is the psychological need to achieve and grow, and this need is fulfilled by activities that cause one to grow.

Some practical significance of this theory -- I agree with it

Herzberg argued thatJob enrichmentIs required for intrinsic motivation, and that it is a continuous management process. According to Herzberg:

• The job shoshould have sufficient challenge to utilize the full ability of the employee.

• Employees who demonstrate increasing levels of ability shocould be given increasing levels of responsibility.

• If a job cannot be designed to use an employee's full abilities, then the firm shoshould consider automating the task or replacing the employee with one who has a lower level of skill. if a person cannot be fully utilized, then there will be a motivation problem.