Explanation of basic operation commands for folders in CentOS

Explanation of basic operation commands for folders in CentOS

ls--Display the contents of the specified directory

Description: LS displays results in different colors to distinguish file categories. Blue represents the directory, gray for ordinary files, green for executable files, red for compressed files, light blue for linked files.

-A---display all content, including hidden files

Description: In the Linux system, the "." The beginning is a hidden file or a hidden directory.

-L---Displays the details of a file or directory in long format (in more detail).

Description: Ls-l command can be shortened to LL,

The output information is divided into 7 groups:

File category and file permissions, number of links or subdirectories, file owner, file-owning group, file size (in bytes b), file creation or modification time, file name.

File Category: The first 1 digits represent the file category, "-" represents the normal file, "D" represents the directory, "L" represents the symbolic link, "C" for the character device, "B" for the Block device

File permissions: The first 9 digits represent file permissions, the first 3 are user, the middle 3 are group, and the latter three are other permissions

The-d---Displays the properties of the directory itself rather than the contents of the directory.

1 [root@localhost ~]# ls-ld/home

2 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root 4096 September 10:41/home

3 [root@localhost ~]# ls-d/home

4/home

5 [Root@localhost ~]#

-H---Display file size in K, M, G, etc. (Default is byte)

1 [root@localhost ~]# ls-h/home

2 Justin Lost+found

3 [root@localhost ~]# Ls-lh/home

4 Total Dosage 20K

5 drwx------. Justin Justin 4.0K September 13:19 Justin

6 drwx------. 2 root 16K September 15:30 lost+found

7 [Root@localhost ~]#

-R---If there are files in the directory, the files are listed in sequence

1 [root@localhost ~]# ls-lr/home

2/home:

3 Total Dosage 20

4 drwx------. Justin Justin 4096 September 13:19 Justin

5 drwx------. 2 root 16384 September 15:30 lost+found

6/home/justin:

7 Total Dosage 32

8 Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Public

9 drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Template

Ten drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Video

One by one drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Pictures

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 documents

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Download

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Music

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Justin Justin 4096 September 22 10:49 Desktop

16/home/justin/Public:

17 Total Dosage 0

18/home/justin/Template:

19 Total Dosage 0

20/home/justin/Video:

21 Total Dosage 0

22/home/justin/Pictures:

23 Total Dosage 0

24/home/justin/Documents:

25 Total Dosage 0

26/home/justin/Download:

27 Total Dosage 0

28/home/justin/Music:

29 Total Dosage 0

30/home/justin/Desktop:

31 Total Dosage 0

32/home/lost+found:

33 Total Dosage 0

[Root@localhost ~]#

-T---List files in order of establishment time

1 [root@localhost ~]# ls-l/home

2 Total dosage 20

3 drwx------. Justin Justin 4096 September 13:19 Justin

4 drwx------. 2 root 16384 September 15:30 lost+found

5-rw-r--r--. 1 root 0 September 15:21 t

6 [root@localhost ~]# ls-lt/home

7 Total Dosage 20

8-rw-r--r--. 1 root 0 September 15:21 t

9 drwx------. Justin Justin 4096 September 13:19 Justin

Ten drwx------. 2 root 16384 September 15:30 lost+found

One [root@localhost ~]#

Description: ls command can also be combined with the wildcard character "?" or "*" used together, the question mark "?" You can match any character in the file name, and "*" can match any number of characters in the file name. The two wildcard characters also apply to most other commands in the shell environment.

1 gssapi_mech.conf popt.d XML

2 gtk-2.0 Portreserve yp.conf

3 Hal Postfix Yum

4 host.conf PPP yum.conf

5 hosts Prelink.cache YUM.REPOS.D

6 Hosts.allow prelink.conf

7 Hosts.deny PRELINK.CONF.D

8 [root@localhost etc]# ll-d/ETC/PO*.D

9 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 January 2010/ETC/POPT.D

[Root@localhost etc]# ll-d/etc/po? D

One LS: Unable to access/ETC/PO? D: no file or directory

[Root@localhost etc]#

Du---Display file or directory size

-H or--human-readable---to k,m,g to improve the readability of the information

1 [root@localhost src]# du-h nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

2 1.8M nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

3 [root@localhost src]# du nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

4 1748 nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

5 [Root@localhost src]#

-A---Show disk space for each file in all directories and Next Directory

-B or-bytes---Display the directory or file size, in bytes

1 [root@localhost local]# du-b src/nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

2 1789376 src/nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz

3 [Root@localhost local]#

-C or--total---Displays the size of each directory or file, and also displays the sum of all directories or files

-M or--megabytes---in 1MB

-S---Show only the sum of each file size

1 [root@localhost local]# du-sh src/

2 41M src/

3 [Root@localhost local]#

-X---Only computes files of the same file system

-L---Calculate all file sizes

DF---Display the status of the file system; used primarily to understand the disk usage of individual file systems that are already mounted on the system