Wireless Communication: Technology Integration to create the future

Wireless Communication: Technology Integration to create the future

Due to the application of close-range wireless communication (NFC), most of the applications involve personal privacy and financial security, including the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the United Nations (UL) certification bodies, such as MIIT, have proposed a variety of security standards and specifications, so that NFC application developers can accurately assess security and functionality, to ensure product quality.

With the chip technology innovation, some manufacturers have already released Bluetooth, NFC, Wi-Fi, and FM) the four-in-One wireless connection solution for communication integrated into the same chip; Bluetooth has a strong short-distance communication function, Wi-Fi has a long-distance advantage, and FM is suitable for Indoor low-frequency device connections, coupled with NFC with high confidentiality, it not only makes the integration of communication interfaces between devices easy, but also enables future consumer electronic products to become thinner and shorter, triggering more unlimited possibilities of integration.

Short-distance wireless technology is both competitive and cooperative

The development of communication interfaces not only changes from wired to wireless, but also from indoor to outdoor. In the past, when xDSL, optical fiber and cable data machine (CableModem) used by industry personnel to attack the Office and household, the explosive growth of the mobile network seems to have become a thing of tomorrow, more and more users no longer use wired networks at home or in the office, but instead use various short-distance wireless communication interfaces as the communication media.

Taking PC peripheral applications as an example, wireless mouse and keyboard are not news. Although the Universal Serial Bus (USB) has been working hard for more than 10 years, the transmission rate has been upgraded from 2 Mbit/s of USB to USB 3.05gbit/s, that is to say, a high-definition (HD) movie can be transmitted within one minute, and the transmission rate is significantly ahead of the advanced serial column appending Technology (SATA ); however, at present, the market has begun to produce hard drives that are transmitted through the Wi-Fi interface. Although the transmission efficiency is lower, the convenience of wireless transmission is still advantageous.

In addition, digital signal transmission for High-Definition Multimedia interfaces (HDMI) was launched shortly after replacement of D-Sub. In 2013, Wi-Fi TVs and projectors using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi transmission were launched.

The communication between wireless devices lies only in the competition between FM, infrared and Bluetooth. Infrared power is low, but the distance is short; FM distance is long but the digital signal is not good; Bluetooth can transmit digital signals, but the distance is short, and the power consumption is high. These communication interfaces compete with each other in various fields. With the diversified needs of mobile phone functions, these interfaces become standard built-in interfaces, while NFC is the last communication interface to be added to mobile phones, it also indicates that all communication interfaces are currently in the form of peaceful coexistence on mobile phones. From the previous competition to the clever situation of both competition and cooperation 1 ).

 

Overview of wireless communication technology transmission distance and speed

Integration of NFC, Bluetooth, And WIFI technologies is creative

Currently, several popular applications are still concentrated in the following fields:

FM Communication

In addition to telecom Broadcast Reception, FM is also a wireless communication interface for cheap devices such as mouse, keyboard, earphone, and reporter. The transmission distance is up to 10 meters, which is longer than Bluetooth and has low power, although it is relatively susceptible to interference, the signal integrity requirements are low, and the cost of the device is not considered as the license fee.

Bluetooth

At present, Bluetooth has been developed to version 4.0. In addition to reducing energy consumption, the transmission range has also increased to 60 meters, and supports one-to-many operation modes. However, high authorization costs, complex power consumption and authentication modes still constitute an obstacle to the popularity of Bluetooth.

Wi-Fi

With the vigorous promotion of IEEE and the establishment of public hotspots, Wi-Fi has become one of the essential communication interfaces for smart handheld devices, especially the price of a large amount of network data transmission and the network voice service (VoIP) more and more young people are using free VoIP applications such as LINE or Skype that can be used on mobile phones as a medium to replace 3G/3.5G communication. The advantages of better sound quality, lower power, free and no time limit all increase the demand for Wi-Fi.

NFC

As the memory capacity of mobile phones increases and the memory is getting cheaper, 64 GB memory mobile phones have been used as flash drives by more and more people. data exchange is also a necessary function. In the past, although network hard drive transmission was available everywhere, the size, billing, and transmission speed of network hard drives were limited. If NFC identity and data transmission functions were available, you can transmit data securely and quickly.

Ensuring communication security NFC Verification

As mentioned above, the most difficult challenge for wireless network communication is interference. The biggest problem is security, not only network security, but also physical security. Therefore, the most difficult products to verify are actually Netcom products. For example, SmartMeter, a smart electric meter in the future smart grid hub, is a small one, The International Electrical Commission (IEC) it defines more than 50 certification standards related to smart electric meters, covering basic functions, accuracy, security and various communication interface formats, it also defines the standards for data preservation capabilities (table 1 ).

Integration of NFC, Bluetooth, And WIFI technologies is creative

As for the prevention of Data tampering, theft or replication standards, it is still being defined that, because the electricity meter data will not only affect the charges, the usage of the electricity meter may also disclose household behavior, therefore, if an electric meter is intruded, it may even cause the collapse of the power grid and the danger of the country.

Even for mobile phones and other livelihood devices, since the built-in NFC can be used as a media for identity monitoring, the industry began to reference the small payment mechanism. Therefore, NFC authentication has been regarded as a level of financial transactions, data security must be evaluated.

In addition, NFC is a physical product architecture, a chip product, not just a communication protocol and code, therefore, it cannot be done through independent software verification. The test and evaluation scope must cover the Security and functionality of the product when it is subject to electromagnetic interference, hot air, and moisture.

Well-known certification standards such as technical specifications ISO/IEC14443A & B, background information exchange systems ISO/IEC21481, 15693, 18092, 7816, and unit interface compatibility (interoperability) test standards, standard UL1998, IEC61508, ISO/IEC27001 and other software security standards for programmable electronic components (such as microprocessor and microelectronics) of the entire system are all challenges that NFC providers must face.

Continuous integration of technologies, unlimited product creativity

In addition to the telecom functions of Ben, wireless communication also quietly penetrated into the field of wireless power transmission. The wireless power Alliance (WPC) uses 20 KB, kHz, and communication waves of different frequencies and modes as startup signals and pattern recognition signals between mobile devices. In the A4WP Alliance dominated by Samsung, NFC also uses NFC as one of the communication interfaces for wireless power transmission. In fact, NFC also has the Field Power Harvesting capability. Even if the battery Power is exhausted, it can continue to implement close-range wireless communication. In the future, NFC may even have the potential to transmit Power wirelessly. Through the development and integration of new technologies, unlimited wireless business opportunities are about to take off. However, only with security and certification can we fly fast and stable.