Managing the configuration and management of Internet Information servers-web sites and FTP sites

web| Server | site Installing IIS
Step 1 Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then start the Add/Remove Programs application.
Step 2 Select Configure Windows, click the Components button, and then follow the on-screen prompts to install, remove, or add the IIS components, as shown after installation.
Note: If you upgrade to Windows 2000, only Iis,iis 5.0 installed in previous versions of Windows will be installed by default.


　　 Introduction to Web sites and FTP sites
Web and FTP Sites
You can create multiple Web and FTP sites on a single computer running Windows 2000 in three ways, whether on an Intranet or on the Internet:
Attaches a port number to an IP address.
With multiple IP addresses, each has its own network adapter card.
Assign a network adapter card by using a host header with multiple domain names and IP addresses.
The following example illustrates an Intranet scenario, where a system administrator has installed Windows server and IIS on a corporate server, which results in a default Web site, Http://CompanyServer. The system administrator then creates two "additional" Web sites, which correspond to two departments: Marketing and Human resources.


Although located on the same computer, the "Companyserver", "Marketing", and "human resources" all look like unique Web sites. These departmental sites have the same security options as if they were on a stand-alone computer, because each site has its own access and administrative permission settings. In addition, administrative tasks can be assigned to members of each department. For more information about maintaining multiple sites, see Assigning host header names, addresses, and ports to a Web site in about name resolution.
When creating a large number of sites, be sure to consider the limitations of your hardware and upgrade as needed.
Properties and property inheritance for a site
A property is a value that can be set on a Web site. For example, you can use the Internet information Services snap-in to change the TCP port number assigned to the default Web site from the default value of 80 to another number. Displays the site properties in the property page and stores them in a database called "Metabase."
During the installation of IIS, the default values are assigned to various properties in the property page. You can use the default settings in IIS, or you can customize these settings to suit your Web publishing needs. By adjusting the default settings, you can provide added value, better performance, and higher security.
You can set properties at the site level, at the directory level, or at the file level. High levels (such as site-level) settings are automatically used, or "inherited" by low-level (such as directory level), but can still be edited separately at a lower level. Once a property has been changed in a separate site, directory, or file, changes to the primary default value will not automatically overwrite the individual settings. Instead, the user receives a warning message that asks if you want to change the individual site, directory, or file to match the new default.

Some properties have values that take the form of a list. For example, when a user does not specify a file in the URL, the default document value can be the list of documents to be loaded. Custom error messages, TCP/IP access control, script mappings, and MIME mappings are other instances of the properties stored in the list format. Although these lists have many items, IIS still handles the entire list as a single property. If you edit the list in the table of contents and make global changes at the site level, the directory-level list is replaced by a new list from the site level; Similarly, a property with list values displays its list only at a site or directory where the primary level or default value has changed. If the list value is an inherited default value, it will not be displayed.
Filters are displayed in list format, but are not processed as lists. If you add a filter at the site level, the new filter is merged with the filter list at the primary level. If two filters have the same priority setting, the primary-level filter is loaded before the site-level filter.
If you need to modify the default properties and you are creating several Web or FTP sites, you can edit the default values so that each site that you create inherits the custom values. For more information about changing default values for all Web or FTP sites, see Changing inherited default values.
The figure illustrates the property page used to set all Web site properties.


　　 Web Site Operators
The Web site operator is a group of special users with limited administrative privileges on a separate Web site. Operators can manage properties that affect only their respective sites. They do not have access to properties that affect IIS, the Windows server computer that maintains IIS, or the network.
For example, an ISP hosting a large number of different company sites can designate each company's representative as an operator for each individual company Web site. This distributed server management approach has the following advantages:
Each operator can act as a site administrator and change or reconfigure the Web site as needed. For example, an operator can set WEB site access, enable logging, change default documents or footers, set content expiration dates, and enable content-rating attributes.
The Web site operator is not allowed to change the identity of the Web site, configure an anonymous user name or password, restrict bandwidth, create a virtual directory, or change its path or change application isolation.
Because operators have more restricted privileges than Web site administrators, they cannot browse the file system remotely, and therefore cannot set properties in directories and files unless a UNC path is used.
Remote Administration Site
Because it is not always easy to perform administrative tasks on a computer running IIS, you can use two remote administration options. If you connect to a user's server over the Internet or a proxy server, you can use browser-based Internet Services Manager (HTML) to change the properties on the site. If you are on an Intranet, you can use Internet Services Manager (HTML) or the Internet Information Services snap-in that is located on the Microsoft Management Console (MMC). Although Internet Service Manager (HTML) provides many of the same features as snap-in, you cannot use Internet Services Manager (HTML) to make changes to properties that require coordination with Windows utilities, such as certificate mapping.

Note: In previous releases, the Internet Information Services snap-in is known as Internet Service Manager.
Internet Services Manager (HTML) accesses the IIS properties using the Web site listed as the Administration Web site. When IIS is installed, however, a port number between 2,000 and 9,999 is randomly selected and assigned to the WEB site. As long as the port number is appended to the address, the site responds to Web browser requests for all domain names installed on the computer. If Basic authentication is used, the administrator is required to provide a username and password when the site is reached. Only members of the Windows Administrators group can use the site. Web site operators can also remotely administer Web sites. For more information about how to use Internet Services Manager (HTML) or the Internet Information Services snap-in, see remote administration.
Note: Although the HTML version of Internet Services Manager has many of the same features as its snap-in version, the HTML version is designed along the lines of the Web page. Right-click is not supported. Many familiar toolbar buttons or tab headers appear as links in the left pane. Because of these differences, the instructions in the document cannot always accurately describe the steps performed in Internet Services Manager (HTML).
When you perform a remote administration task, the online documentation is also valid. To access the document, start your browser and type http://servername/iishelp/iis/misc/default.asp, where servername represents the name of the computer running IIS.
You can remotely administer IIS by using Microsoft Terminal Services on a network connection, such as LAN, PPTP, or dial-up. Terminal Services does not require the installation of Microsoft Management Console (MMC) or the IIS snap-in on a remote computer. By default, Terminal Services documentation is installed under C:\Winnt\Help\TermSrv.chm and C:\Winnt\Help\TermCli.chm.

　　 FTP reboot
FTP Restart describes a problem with disconnecting a network when downloading files. A client that supports FTP restarts can only use the REST command to re-establish its FTP connection, and file transfers automatically find breakpoints.
Note: When you use FTP to download wildcard requests (mget), upload files to the server (put), or download files larger than 4G bytes, ftp restart execution for IIS 5.0 will not be enabled.
MIME Mappings
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Protocol (MIME) is an Internet standard that provides a way for Web browsers to access multiple format files. List the registered file types that are installed by default on Windows 2000 in the File Types dialog box on the Internet Information Services property pages.
You can configure MIME mappings at the computer, Web site, virtual directory, directory, or file level. To configure MIME mappings at the machine level, use the Internet Information Services Properties page. To configure MIME mappings at other levels, use the HTTP Header property page.
Note: MIME mappings configured at the machine level do not automatically overwrite mappings at low-level settings.

　　 setting up WEB and FTP sites
Publish content on a Web site
Step 1 Create a home page for your Web site.
Step 2 Name The master file as Default.htm or Default.asp.
Step 3 Copy the home page to the default or specified Web publishing directory for IIS. The default Web publishing directory is also called the primary directory, and the installer provides a location that is \inetpub\wwwroot.
Step 4 Select the computer or site in the Internet information Services snap-in, and then click the Actions button.
Step 5 Click New, and then click Web site to start the Site Wizard as shown in the figure.


Step 6 Enter the identification information for the new Web site first, and then click Next to enter the IP address and TCP port address of the Web site. If you add additional sites to a single IP address through the host header file, you must specify the host header file name, as shown in the figure.


Then click Next to enter the site's home directory path. As pictured.


Step 7 Click Next to select the Web site's access rights as shown in the figure, click Next to complete the setup.
Step 8 If the network has a name resolution system (typically DNS), visitors can simply type the computer name into the site in their browser address bar. If the network does not have a name resolution system, the visitor must type the computer's numeric IP address.
Note: In the Site Wizard, "All unspecified" means an IP address that is assigned to a computer but not assigned to a specific site. The default Web site uses all IP addresses that have not been assigned to other sites. You can set only one site to use an unassigned IP address. If you allow anonymous user access, you need to select the "Allow anonymous users to access the WEB site" option.


　　 publish content on an FTP site
Step 1 Copy or move the file to the default FTP publishing directory. The default directory provided by the installer is \inetpub\ftproot.
Step 2 Select the computer or site in the Internet information Services snap-in, and then click the Actions button.
Step 3 Click New, and then click FTP site to start the Site Wizard.
Step 4 Enter the identity information for the new FTP site first, and then click Next to enter the IP address and TCP port address of the FTP site. Then click Next to enter the home directory path for the FTP site.
Step 5 Click Next to select the access rights for the FTP site, and click Next to complete the setup.
Step 6 If the network has a name resolution system (typically DNS), visitors can type ftp://to the site with the computer name in their browser address bar. If not, then the visitor must type ftp://and the computer's digital IP address.
After the web and FTP sites are established, they automatically start running, as shown in the figure.


　　 starting and Stopping sites
By default, the site will start automatically when the computer restarts. Stopping the site stops Internet services and uninstalls Internet services from the computer's memory. Pausing a site prevents Internet services from accepting new connections, but does not affect requests that are being processed. Starting the site restarts or restores Internet services.
Step 1 in the Internet Information Services snap-in, select the sites that you want to start, stop, or pause.
Step 2 Click the start, stop, or Pause buttons in the toolbar.
Note: If the site stops unexpectedly, the Internet information Services snap-in will not display the status of the server correctly. Click Stop before restarting, and then click Start to restart your site.

　　 Restart IIS
In IIS 5.0, you can stop and restart Internet services in all IIS snap-in, which makes it unnecessary to restart the computer if the application is not running properly or becomes unavailable.
Step 1 in the Internet Information Services snap-in, select the computer icon in the content pane, and then click the Actions button.
Step 2 Click the Actions button and select Restart IIS.
Step 3 from the Drop-down menu, select Restart Internet services, stop Internet services, start Internet services, or restart computer name.
Attention
Restarting the Internet service must use the above method instead of the Windows 2000 services snap-in. Because multiple Internet services are running in one process, the shutdown and restart of Internet services differs from other Windows services. In order to restart on schedule, or to integrate with a third-party or custom tool, this provides a command-line approach to the IIS snap-in reboot feature: Iisreset.exe. See the following command-line usages and parameters.
Restarting will stop all Drwtsn32.exe, Mtx.exe, and Dllhost.exe processes in order to restart the Internet service. You cannot use browser-based Internet Services Manager (HTML) to restart IIS.