R12001 and r00002 routing protocols

R00001Is a type-based routing protocol, which only supports publishing protocol packets in broadcast mode. Protocol packets of r12001 cannot carry mask information. It can only identify routes of natural network segments such as A, B, and C,R00002R12002 supports route marking. In a routing policy, you can flexibly control routes based on the routing label.

IP routing protocol is a relatively old routing protocol that is widely used in small and same media networks. RIP adopts the distance vector algorithm, which is a distance vector protocol. Generally, r12001 packets are broadcast packets, while r12002 packets are multicast packets.

Features of Distance Vector Routing Protocol

1. Send route updates at regular intervals: the router running the distance vector routing protocol sends update information every time it passes through a specific time period.

2 neighbors: A neighbor usually means a router that shares the same data link or a high-level logical neighbor relationship. The Distance Vector Routing Protocol sends update information to the neighbor and relies on the neighbor to transmit the update information.

3 broadcast update: vrouters running distance vector routing protocol send update information in broadcast mode 255.255.255.255.

4. Route table update: The route information sent by the router running the distance vector routing protocol includes its entire route table.

History of RIP: GWINFO) ------ route information protocol ------- route daemon ------- RIP ----- r00002 ---- RIPng
RIP features:

RIP is the abbreviation of Routing Information Protocol. It is a relatively simple dynamic routing protocol, but it is widely used in practical use. RIP is a routing protocol based on D-V algorithm. It exchange routing information through UDP and sends an update packet every 30 seconds. If the router fails to receive the route update packet from the peer end after 180 seconds, all route information from the peer router is marked as inaccessible. If the update packet is not received within the next 120 seconds, delete the route entry from the route table.

RIP uses Hop Count) to measure the distance to the target network, which is called Routing weight Routing Metric ). In RIP, the number of hops from a router to a directly connected network is 0, and the number of hops from one router to another is 1. To limit the convergence time, RIP requires the metric value to be 0 ~ An integer between 15 and 16. The number of hops greater than or equal to 16 is defined as Infinity, that is, the destination network or host is inaccessible. AD = 120)

To improve performance and prevent the generation of routing loops, RIP supports horizontal Split Horizon) and routing poisoning Poison Reverse), and Triggered Update is Triggered when routing poisoning occurs ). In addition, the RIP Protocol allows you to introduce routes obtained by other routing protocols.

RIP includes two versions: RIP-1 and RIP-2. RIP-1 does not support a variable-length Subnet Mask (VLSM). RIP-2 supports a variable-length Subnet Mask (VLSM ), at the same time, RIP-2 supports plaintext authentication and MD5 ciphertext authentication.

RIP-1 uses broadcast to send packets. RIP-2 has two transmission modes: broadcast mode and multicast mode. By default, packets are sent through multicast, the multicast address of RIP-2 is 224.0.0.9. The advantage of multicast packet sending is that those network segments without running RIP in the same network can avoid receiving RIP broadcast packets. In addition, multicast Transmission packets can also enable the network segment running RIP-1 to avoid incorrectly receiving and processing routes with subnet masks in RIP-2.

Basic vro configurations

 
 

  
  
enable   
  
  
 
  
  
configure terminal   
  
  
 
  
  
hostname R1   
  
  
 
  
  
enable password 12345   
  
  
 
  
  
enable secret cisco   
  
  
 
  
  
line console 0   
  
  
 
  
  
logging synchronous   
  
  
 
  
  
line vty 0 4   
  
  
 
  
  
password 12345   
  
  
 
  
  
login   
 
 

Basic port configuration

 
 

  
  
interface s/e...   
  
  
 
  
  
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0   
  
  
 
  
  
no shutdown   
  
  
 
  
  
clock rate 64000  
 
 

Commands frequently used by RIP

 
 

  
  
router rip  
  
  
 
  
  
    network 192.168.1.0  
  
  
 
  
  
    version {1|2}  
 
 

Common Test commands

 
 

  
  
ping 
 
 

Ping Extension

 
 

  
  
show ip  
  
  
 
  
  
  debug ip rip  
  
  
 
  
  
  show ip interface brief 
 
 

1. Summary of DHCP protocol commands
2. Implementation of collaboration between r1_1 and r1_2
3. Distance vector protocol establishes road signs for information flow
4. Protocol basics: Linux DHCP server configuration