Six degrees Space Theory

Six degrees Space Theory

There is a conjecture in the field of mathematics called Six degrees of separation The Chinese translation includes the following types: Six-Degree segmentation theory, six-degree spatial theory, and small-world theory. There will be no more than six people between you and any stranger. That is to say, you can know any stranger through a maximum of six people. This is the six degrees space theory, also called the small world theory. In fact, social networks are not profound. Their theoretical basis is "Six-Degree separation ". Social software is a value-added software and service built on a real social network. There is such a story that a German newspaper accepted a challenge a few years ago. He wanted to help a Turkish barbecue store owner in Frankfurt find his connection with his favorite movie star Malone branddu. As a result, several months later, the employees of the newspaper discovered that they had established a network of contacts after no more than six individuals had made private interactions. It turns out that the barbecue store owner is an Iraqi immigrant, and a friend lives in California. This friend's colleague is the daughter of the movie "this man is a little blue" and the boyfriend of the sisters who join in the Girls' Fellowship, malone Brando starred in this film. In 1960s, Stanley Milgram, a social psychologist at Yale University, designed a chain letter experiment. He randomly sent a chain of letters to 160 people living in Omaha, Nebraska, with the name of a Boston stock broker, in the letter, each recipient is required to send this letter to a friend who thinks it is closer to the stockbroker. After receiving the email, you can follow this procedure. In the end, most of the messages were sent to the stock broker after five or six steps. The six degrees space concept comes from this. This chain experiment embodies a seemingly universal objective law: members of a socialized modern human society may all be linked through a "Six-degree Space, A and B that are absolutely not in contact do not exist. This is a more typical, profound, and common natural phenomenon. So how can we use mathematical theories to reveal the "Six-Degree segmentation phenomenon "? This is another major mathematical conjecture in the field of modern mathematics. This is a bit like the adjacent color of a map, but the problem of the adjacent color can be precisely proved by mathematical methods (that is, up to four colors can be used ), in my personal estimation, we can only make assumptions through incomplete induction. The social model is much more complicated than the two-dimensional map model! The phenomenon of separation of six degrees does not mean that the contact between anyone and people must pass through six levels to produce a connection, but expresses such an important concept: there is always a certain relationship between two strangers. Obviously, the opportunities for achieving personal expectations will be significantly different from those of contact methods and capabilities. It seems that the six-degree separation theory is very interesting. It is very effective to find some materials to learn and use it. No matter how profound the theory is, the close combination of "Six-Degree separation" and the Internet has begun to reveal commercial value. People have been paying more and more attention to the research of social networks in recent years. Many network software have also begun to support people to establish more mutual trust and close social relations. These software are collectively referred to as "social software ). For example, a blog is a kind of social software. Because of the personality and continuity required for blog writing, the typical things of the blogger circle have become more and more like the interpersonal circle in real life in a similar ecological form. According to Mao Xianghui, who is devoted to studying social software, what is more popular abroad is a tool for fast dating or commercial connection, such as LinkedIn. It is easier for people around the world to find people with their own interests, to find business opportunities, to better understand and communicate with different ethnic groups, and so on. There are many definitions of social software, and they are still evolving. Its core idea is actually an effect of aggregation. There are countless ways of arrangement and combination of people, society, and commerce. If there is no means of information to aggregate together, it is easy to lose. WWW has successfully aggregated text and graphics, so that the Internet can be applied. Instant Messaging aggregates people and generates tools such as ICQ. However, this is still virtual. Although Virtual is an advantage of the online world, it is separated from the real name and credit required by the commercial society. A trusted network will be generated through the aggregation of acquaintances separated by six degrees, and the commercial potential is indeed immeasurable. Aggregation is also of practical value as the object of social research. Scientists at Cornell University developedAlgorithmCan recognize an articleArticleIn some text "burst" growth, and these "burst" growth of text can be used to quickly identify the latest trends and hot issues, so it can more effectively filter important information. In the past, many search technologies used simple calculation of the frequency of occurrence of text/phrases, but ignored the increasing speed of text usage. If this method is applied to advertisers, you can quickly find potential demands. You may be numb to the terms of society, network, region, business, and blog. However, once those who anticipate opportunities find the commercial value of aggregating them, they will not only be changed in the online world. Although the six degrees is a sociology theory, it is actually more like a mathematical theory. Many people say that the six degrees and the four colors are just the same. In my opinion, the six degrees theory has well elaborated on the connection and connection between different nodes in a mesh structure (our human society). However, it is incomplete, it is not enough to guide our practice. (1)Relationship strength-- Weight First, the six degrees affirmed the universal connection between people, but did not make a quantitative analysis of such connections. We may know more than people in our life. Some of them are extremely important to me, some are insignificant to me, and the reasons and methods for establishing our contact vary widely, there are inherent links such as parents and relatives, as well as relationships between classmates and colleagues developed due to the proximity of geographical locations, such as the relationship between neighbors and the development of shared learning and life. In the six-degree theory, all of them are attributed to connections, and there is no difference between strength and weakness. In the mesh structure, the relationship between people needs to be weighted. Here, six degrees is incomplete. (2)What is the difference between arrival and connection establishment?-- Objective and result problems In 1960s, Stanley Milgram, a social psychologist at Yale University, designed a chain letter experiment. He randomly sent a chain of letters to 160 people living in Omaha, Nebraska, with the name of a Boston stock broker, in the letter, each recipient is required to send this letter to a friend who thinks it is closer to the stockbroker. After receiving the email, you can follow this procedure. In the end, most of the messages were sent to the stock broker after five or six steps. The concept of six-degree segmentation (also called "Six-degree Space") comes from this. This story is known to many fans of the sixth degree and serves as the Bible. However, I would like to pay attention to the important difference between this story and the concept of our popular SNS website. In this story, the mail arrived in the Boston Stock Broker's hand, but please note that the relationship between friends of everyone has not changed throughout the process. Yes, this is very important. The information transmitted in this story. What do we see on the SNS website that we want to transfer between users? The contact method is friend relationship. Speaking of this, I would like to mention the experiment of buying tickets for the Torch mentioned above. In that experiment, what is passed is actually information, not friend relationship. (3)Transfer costs and incentives-- Damping In the Stanley Milgram Experiment and torch experiment, there is no cost, or it seems that the cost is 0. But is it true that the cost is 0? It is very low for everyone to pass a letter, but it is no cost to change the MSN name. However, those who are willing to do so are actually looking at the faces of their friends. So what is the actual cost? This is what the Chinese people say about social debt and the so-called relationship cost. No one liked anyone who needed help all day. People who love debt and money debt must be paid back, which is the cost of transmission. After the train experiment of TORCH, we have been thinking about this problem. Today we urgently need tickets. We can ask our friends to change their names. But can we use this method every day to help us? Buy tickets today and buy tickets tomorrow. Maybe you can do it twice at a time. If you get too many times, you will be bored and even give up on your friend. Gmail's invitation method was still praised by many people until today. When it was just introduced, an invitation could even sell for $60. Many people scream that this is the greatest marketing. However, today, many invitations cannot be sent out. Why? Since Gmail was a scarce item at the beginning, its value was high. In addition, Gmail was more popular with Google's strong brand and high user identity, and its possession of Gmail became a symbol of honor. This honor has become an incentive for Gmail invitations to spread frantically on a six-degree network. However, with the high popularity of Gmail, this sense of honor gradually declines, ultimately reducing incentives, and has always stuck the spread. Is damping good or bad? Without damping, we can send messages to anyone. Every SNS website is promoting that you only need to know Clinton six times and know Gates. But how many people actually know Gates? Is it because they are not worth knowing? No, because although the contact seems to have only six degrees, the damping of each degree may not be able to cross. But you should not be pessimistic. If there is no damping, you may be more uncomfortable! LLF calculates "for example. For example, if each person has 30 friends, the information goes through the 6th power of 30 = 729000000, and the number is enough to reach the level that can cover all possible people .", If the six-degree connection does not have any damping, it is estimated that the various information we receive every day from the six-degree friends will blow our heads up. In our life, a person with a higher identity and a more famous person will have more friends, so the more he doesn't want to expand his relationship circle, because they are often overwhelmed. The leakage of contact information of 600 acting celebrities in the past few days is an example. As a social member, we had six degrees of contact with these 600 celebrities. However, one day their contact information was made public, their contact with us was immediately flat and changed to a level. For a moment, damping disappears. You can call Na Ying and Tian Zhen at will. Didn't you want to talk to Feng Xiaogang about movies? You can call now. However, we can only say that this is a disaster, and many people complain that many people have called their home and said, "Are you XXX? I like you very much !" Then the phone number is suspended. Many people stop the machine and even change their numbers. This disaster is a very interesting story for our outsiders. It is interesting that once the relations between these celebrities and the masses become flat (six degrees to one ), their value to the masses has also begun to drain. The masses can only call, ask, and show off their calls to the stars. That's all. This huge flat project has not expanded the circle of friends of the stars, and they are still far away from those stars ...... (4)Assumption that a friend is a friend-- Link direction and transmission problems The most popular saying on the SNS website is that "friends of friends are friends". However, during my chat with LLF on MSN that day, A friend of a I know B is a guy I hate very much, and a person in my friend C hates B more. Therefore, in the current SNS service, I do not dare to introduce a certain a and a certain C at the same time, because after they are introduced at the same time, it is likely that after a certain B establishes a connection with a certain C, start quarreling. Six-Degree Segmentation In the 1960s S, milgrain, a social psychologist at Harvard University, proposedSix-Degree Segmentation(Six degrees of separation) theory. To put it simply, "Six-Degree segmentation" means to establish a connection between two people in this society. It requires a maximum of six people (not including the two), whether or not they know each other, living in any remote place on the earth, they are separated by six degrees.