The difference between Inter architecture and AMD

The chipset is usually divided into two bridges to control the communication of the components, respectively: (1) North Bridge: Responsible for connecting the fast CPU, main memory and display card components, (2) South Bridge: Responsible for the slow connection of the peripheral interface, including hard disk, USB, network card and so on

The Inter chipset is communicated through the North Bridge and memory

Unlike Intel, where the main memory is directly communicating with the CPU and not through the North Bridge! AMD in order to accelerate the communication between the two, so the In theory, this can speed up the transfer of CPU and main memory! This is the main difference between the two CPUs on the schema

32-bit and 64-bit

The data of CPU operation is provided by the main memory, the main memory and CPU communication speed depends on the external frequency, so how much data can be transferred per work? That's the function of the system bus. General Motherboard chipset has North Bridge and South Bridge, North Bridge 's system bus is called system bus, because it is the main channel of memory transmission, so faster. South Bridge is the so-called input and output (I/O) system bus , mainly in contact with hard disk, USB, network card and other peripheral equipment.

At present, North Bridge support frequency can be up to 333/400/533/800/1066/1333/1600mhz and other different frequencies, the support situation is different depending on the chipset function. The frequency supported by the North Bridge is called the front-end system bus speed (Front Side bus, FSB), and the number of bits per transmission is the system bus width. the so-called system bus Bandwidth is: "FSBX system bus width" that is, the maximum amount of data can be transmitted per second. The current common system bus width is 32/64 bits (bits).

As shown in 2.1.1, the front-end system bus speeds up to 1600MHz in this architecture. We see the memory with the North Bridge bandwidth is 12.8gbytes/s, that is 1600mhz*64bits = 1600mhz*8bytes = 12800MBYES/S = 12.8gbytes/s

Similar to the system bus width, the amount of data that theCPU can handle each time is known as the word size, which is 32-bit and 64-bit based on the CPU's design. We now call the computer is 32 or 64 bits are mainly based on the CPU parsing the word grew up small ! In the early 32-bit CPUs, the amount of data coming from the main memory was limited because the CPU was able to parse the amount of data each time. This also causes the 32-bit CPU to support up to 4GBytes of memory only.

CMOS and BIOS

In front of the memory of the place we have mentioned the CMOS and BIOS functions, here we emphasize: CMOS main function for recording the key parameters on the motherboard, including the system time, CPU voltage and frequency, the various devices I/O address and IRQ, because the record of these data to spend power , so there is a battery on the motherboard. The BIOS is a program written to a flash or EEPROM on the motherboard, which can be executed at boot time to load the parameters in the CMOS and attempt to call the boot program in the storage device to further enter the operating system . The BIOS program can also modify the data in the CMOS, each motherboard to the BIOS setup program keys are different, general desktop computer is common to use the [Del] key to enter the BIOS settings screen.

The difference between Inter architecture and AMD