JDBC is connected directly to the database using a Java-based database drive, while the JDBC-ODBC is connected to an ODBC data source, and the connection to the database is truly odbc! It is recommended to use a JDBC direct connection, preferably using a connection pool!
JDBC is the Java database connection (Java DB Connectivity)). It consists of a set of classes and interfaces written in the Java programming language. JDBC provides tool/database developers with a standard API that enables them to write database applications using pure Java APIs.
ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), which is the interconnection of open databases. ODBC is based on SQL and takes it as a standard for accessing databases. This interface provides maximum interoperability: An application can access different database management systems through a common set of code. A client/server application developed by a software developer will not be set on a particular database. ODBC can provide the appropriate drivers for different databases. For an ASP process, an ODBC data source is an interface between an ASP program's ADO component and a database.
The difference between JDBC and ODBC and its application