The difference between RHEL6.5 and RHEL7 Rhel6.5 experimental environment construction

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1) Operating system installation

RHEL7 is a one-stop installation

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2) NIC configuration file

RHEL6:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

RHEL7:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736

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RHEL6 Network Configuration

Static settings

Vi? /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0??? #编辑配置文件, add modify the following

Device=eth0 NIC Name

Bootproto=static??? #启用静态IP地址

Type=ethernet

Uuid= "a106d20f-65c2-4f17-a1a5-7311094fca7b"

Onboot=yes?? #开启自动启用网络连接

ipaddr=192.168.1.63? #设置IP地址

netmask=255.255.255.0?? #设置子网掩码

gateway=192.168.1.1??? #设置网关

dns1=8.8.8.8? #设置主DNS

dns2=8.8.4.4? #设置备DNS

: Wq!?? #保存退出

Service network restart?? #重启网络连接

Dynamic Network settings:

Device=eth0

Bootproto=dhcp

Type=ethernet

Hwaddr= a106d20f-65c2-4f17-a1a5-7311094fca7b (Nic mac address, do not change)

Onboot=yes (boot from boot)

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3) Host name configuration file

Rhel6:/etc/sysconfig/network

Rhel7:/etc/hostname

Hostname is a kernel parameter under Linux, it is saved under/proc/sys/kernel/hostname, but its value is read from Rc.sysinit when Linux starts.

Theoretically/etc/sysconfig/network is a hostname configuration file that needs to be restarted and the system reads the hostname from the kernel when it restarts.

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How to make changes take effect immediately without restarting

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After modifying the hostname under/etc/sysconfig/network, then use the Sysctl kernel.hostname command to make it effective immediately

Vi/etc/sysconfig/network modifying hostname

After you change the command to view the discovery is not immediately effective

[Email protected] ~]# hostname

Xuegod63

Make it effective with an order

[Email protected] ~]# sysctl kernel.hostname=xuegod63.cn

Kernel.hostname = xuegod63.cn

[Email protected] ~]# hostname

xuegod63.cn, this change is successful.

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4) Modify the IP address

Rhel6:setup or modify the NIC configuration file

Rhel7:nmtui or modify the NIC configuration file

Rhel6

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#setup

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5) service start-up and boot automatically

Rhel6:service Service Name Restart | Reload | Start | Stop | Status

Rhel7:systemctl Restart | Start | Stop | Status Service Name

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Boot up

Rhel6:chkconfig Service Name on | Off

Rhel7:systemctl Enable | Disable service Name

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Check if the service is booting

Rhel6:chkconfig--list Service Name

Rhel7:systemctl is-enabled Service Name

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Rhel6

[Email protected] ~]# chkconfig sshd--list

Sshd???? 0: Close???? 1: Close???? 2: Enable???? 3: Enable???? 4: Enable???? 5: Enable???? 6: Off

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6) Set the start level

Rhel6:vim/etc/inittab

# 1-single User mode

# 2-multiuser, without NFS (the same as 3, if you don't have networking)

# 3-full Multiuser mode

# 4-unused

# 5-x11

# 6-reboot (do not set Initdefault to this)

25 #

Id:5:initdefault://5 is the current start level, then change 5 to 3 (third boot level)

After the change is: "id:3:initdefault:".

: wq!

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Restart Linux. Restart the server. After the reboot is complete, go to the command line interface and prompt for the user name and password.

Rhel7:systemctl Set-default Graphical.target (fifth start-up sector) | Multi-user.target (third boot level)

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Switching mode:

Rhel6:init 3 | 5

Rhel7:systemctl Isolate Graphical.target (fifth start-up sector) | Multi-user.target (third boot level)

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Viewing the startup level

Rhel6:runlevel

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[Email protected] ~]# RunLevel

3 5

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Rhel7:systemctl Get-default

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7) Firewall Service name

Rhel6:iptables

Rhel7:firewalld

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Rhel 6

Iptables–f

Shut down

/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop

Open

/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables start

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View current configuration: Iptables–l

View the current status of the Firewall service iptables status

[[Email protected] ~]# service iptables stop

Iptables: Clear Firewall rule: [OK]

Iptables: Set the chain to policy accept:filter [OK]

Iptables: Uninstalling module: [OK]

[[Email protected] ~]# service iptables status

Iptables: Firewall is not running.

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8) Common User UID

rhel6:500 start

[[email protected] ~]# ID Top

uid=500 (top) gid=501 (top) group =501 (top)

rhel7:1000 start

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9) restore root password

RHEL6: In single-user mode

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When the system boot screen appears, press "E" key to enter edit mode.

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Press E

Add 1 on the last side

Are you sure

Press B to restart

Enter the single-user mode, you can change the password directly

RHEL7: In emergency mode

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10) file System

Rhel6:ext4

Rhel7:xfs

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11) Format the partition

RHEL6:mkfs.ext4

Mkfs.ext3/dev/sda5? Formatting/dev/sda5

RHEL7:mkfs.xfs

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12) View Block

Rhel6:tune2fs-l/dev/sda1 | grep Size–color

rhel7:xfs_info/dev/sda1 | grep size

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13) The first process to start

Rhel6:init

Rhel7:systemd

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Build an experimental environment:

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1. Shutting down the firewall

   Iptables–f

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2. Turn off SELinux

[Email protected] ~]# Getenforce

Enforcing

[Email protected] ~]# Setenforce 0

1. With Yum

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Configure local Yum Source

Cd/etc/yum.repos.d/??? #进入yum配置目录

Touch? Rhel-media.repo??? #建立yum配置文件

Vi? Rhel-media.repo??? #编辑配置文件, add the following

[Rhel-media]

name=red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5??? #自定义名称

Baseurl=file:///media/cdrom? #本地光盘挂载路径

Enabled=1??? #启用yum源, 0 is not enabled, 1 is enabled

Gpgcheck=1?? #检查GPG-key,0 for no check, 1 for inspection

Gpgkey=file:///media/cdrom/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release??? #GPG-key path (can not be written)

: wq!? #保存退出

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Instance:

[Rhel-source]

Name=test

Baseurl=file:///mnt/test

Enabled=1

Gpgcheck=0

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Set up automatic mount system image file on boot

Vi/etc/fstab??? #添加以下代码. Enable automatic mount on boot

/usr/local/src/rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso? /media/cdrom?? Iso9660??? Defaults,ro,loop? 0 0 real-computer under

/dev/cdrom/media/cdrom iso9660 defaults, ro,loop 0 0

: wq!? #保存退出

/dev/cdrom/media/cdrom ext3 defaults 0 0

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Your CD-ROM device mount point mount format default default

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1. Configure IP
2. Configure hostname

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The difference between RHEL6.5 and RHEL7 Rhel6.5 experimental environment construction