Windows Programming Menu Actions

Distinguish several concepts

<1> "main Menu" and "Top level menu" is a meaning.

<2> the items in the main menu are called "Pop-up menus" or "submenus".

The <3> popup menu item can be another popup menu.

<4> Status of the menu: enabled, disabled. Invalid, invalid The difference between the two is gray display text.

(1) Menu message

<1>wm_initmenu

        WParam,   //Handle to Menu (HMENU)        LParam    //Not used

<2>wm_menuselect

When the menu item is selected

       WParam,   //menu item (UINT) and flags (UINT)       lParam    //handle to menu (HMENU)

Of

LoWord (WParam)//Selected item: Menu ID or pop-up menu handle HIWORD (WParam)//SELECT flag

Flags are collections of mf_grayed, mf_disabled, mf_checked, Mf_bitmap, Mf_popup, Mf_help, Mf_sysmenu, and Mf_mouseselect.

<3>wm_initmenupopup

This message is sent when the drop-down menu is activated.

WPARAM WPARAM,   //Handle to Menu (HMENU) LPARAM LPARAM    //Item position and indicator

LoWord (LParam) Represents the menu item index, HIWORD (LParam) represents true, or false, the menu is the System menu when it represents true, non-system menu is the time to indicate false.

<4>wm_command

Indicates that the consumer has selected an enabled menu item from the menu.

LoWord (wParam): menu command ID

HiWord (WParam): 0

lparam:0

<5>wm_menuchar

(2) underline the letters in the menu item

Put the letter in front of the & character, you can appear the effect of the letter underline, when using the ALT key + character, can quickly pop up the submenu, or Run menu item command.

corresponding property

(3) The selected and unchecked status of the menu item

Checkmenuitem (HMenu, iselection, mf_unchecked); Checkmenuitem (HMenu, iselection, mf_checked);

(4) Function on menu

About the operation of the menu from the general direction to see no outside the deletion and change to check four kinds of operations.

4.1 Hmenucreatemenu (VOID);

4.2 BOOL AppendMenu (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to Menu

UINT uflags,//menu-item options

Uint_ptr Uidnewitem,//identifier, menu, or submenu

LPCTSTR lpnewitem//menu-item content);

Among them, uflags can be:

Mf_bitmap. Mf_ownerdraw,mf_string

Demo Sample:

AppendMenu (Hmenupopup, mf_string, Idm_app_exit, "e&xit");

AppendMenu (HMenu, Mf_popup, Hmenupopup, "&file");

4.3 Boolinsertmenu (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to Menu

UINT uposition,//item that new item precedes

UINT uflags,//Options

Uint_ptr Uidnewitem,//identifier, menu, or submenu

LPCTSTR Lpnewitem//menu item content);

This function compared to the appendmenu, except for the uposition, the rest is completely the same

Uposition: Represents the interpolated position index or menu ID, in detail which depends on whether the uflags is Mf_bycommand or mf_byposition.

Uidnewitem: The insert item is a command item that represents the ID, and the Insert item is the menu handle that is represented when the menu is inserted.

Lpnewitem: Inserts the contents of the item, in detail depending on the mf_bitmap included in the uflags. Mf_string. Mf_ownerdraw

Note: Combinations of commands that cannot be put together

• Mf_bycommand and Mf_byposition
• Mf_disabled, mf_enabled, and mf_grayed
• Mf_bitmap, Mf_string, Mf_ownerdraw, and Mf_separator
• Mf_menubarbreak and Mf_menubreak
• Mf_checked and mf_unchecked

4.4 Boolinsertmenuitem (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to Menu

UINT Uitem,//identifier or position

BOOL fbyposition,//Meaning of Uitem

Lpcmenuiteminfo lpmii//menu item information);

typedef struct TAGMENUITEMINFO {  UINT    cbsize;   UINT    fmask;   UINT    FType;   UINT    fstate;   UINT    WID;   HMENU   Hsubmenu;   Hbitmap hbmpchecked;   Hbitmap hbmpunchecked;   Ulong_ptr Dwitemdata;   LPTSTR  Dwtypedata;   UINT    CCH;   Hbitmap Hbmpitem;} Menuiteminfo, *lpmenuiteminfo;

4.5 BOOL Removemenu (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to menu

UINT uposition,//menu item identifier or position

UINT uflags//options);

4.6 Boolmodifymenu (HMENU hmnu,//Handle to menu

UINT uposition,//menu item to modify

Uintuflags,//Options

Uint_ptr Uidnewitem,//identifier, menu, or submenu

LPCTSTR Lpnewitem//menu item content);

4.7 Booldeletemenu (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to Menu

UINT uposition,//menu item identifier or position

UINT uflags//option);

Deletes a menu item, assuming that the menu item is popup. The memory that the menu handle points to is released.

4.7 Booldrawmenubar (HWND hwnd//handle to window);

4.8 Hmenugetsubmenu (HMENU HMENU,//Handle to Menu

int NPos//menu item position);

When the menu bar has changed. This function must be called again to draw the menu//often validate. Not necessarily

(6) Right-click menu

The right-click menu is no different from the normal menu. Just when it pops up. Need to use this function

Booltrackpopupmenu (  HMENU HMENU,         //Handle to shortcut menu  UINT uflags,         //options   int x,/               / horizontal position  int y,               //Vertical position  int nreserved,       //reserved, must be zero  HWND hwnd,           //Handle to owner window  CONST RECT *prcrect  //ignored);

The uflags parameter specifies the alignment of menus in the menu, left-right button to select menu items

Tpm_centeralign. Tmp_leftalign. Tmp_rightalign

Tpm_bottomalign, Tpm_topalign, tpm_vcenteralign

Tpm_leftbuttpon,tpm_rightbutton

Tpm_nonotify, Tpm_returncmd

(7) System Menu

Get system Menu Handle

HMENU GetSystemMenu (

Hwndhwnd,//Handle to Window

BOOL brevert//reset option);

When Brevert = False. Said. Copies the menu of the system and returns a handle to the Copy menu, which can be changed. When Brevert = TRUE, sets the system menu to the default original state. And the function return value is NULL.

(8) Accelerator key

The accelerator key is also a resource that can be used to quickly open command items using shortcut keys. The accelerator key can be added to the resource itself, and can be written directly using the program.

The basic change in the accelerator key is the code with

while (GetMessage (&msg,null,0,0))
{
if (! TranslateAccelerator (hwnd,haccel,&msg))
{
TranslateMessage (&MSG);
DispatchMessage (&MSG);
}
}

Here the TranslateAccelerator function translates some key messages into WM_COMMAND, or wm_syscommand messages.

(9) Code Demo sample

The Demo sample is a menu demo that relies entirely on code to create resources, including menu bars. Right-click menu, System menu, accelerator key can change the menu dynamically, delete. Join the operation.

#define oemresource# include<windows.h> #define Idm_file_open100#define idm_file_new101#define IDM_FILE_PIC102 #define Idm_file_exit103#define Idm_menu_add104#defineidm_menu_rem105#define Idm_menu_del106#define IDM_MENU_ Mod107#defineidm_about108#define Idm_version109#define Idm_menu_new110#defineidm_pop_one200#define IDM_POP_TWO201 #define Idm_sys_one300#define idm_sys_two301lresult CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd,uint msg,wparam wparam,lparam LPARAM); Hmenucreateownmenu (HWND hwnd); Hmenucreatepopmenu (HWND hwnd); Haccelcreateaccelerator (HWND hwnd); tchar* szappname = TEXT ("Menuclass"); tchar* szwndname = TEXT ("Changemenu"); Haccelhaccel = Null;int WINAPI WinMain (hinstance hinstance,hinstance hpreinstance,lpstr lpcmdline,int iCmdShow) { Wndclasswndcls; Hwndhwnd; Msgmsg;wndcls.cbclsextra = 0;wndcls.cbwndextra = 0;wndcls.lpfnwndproc = Wndproc;wndcls.style = CS_HREDRAW | Cs_vredraw;wndcls.hbrbackground = (hbrush) getstockobject (white_brush); wndcls.hcursor = LoadCursor (NULL,IDC_ARROW); Wndcls.hicon = LoaDiCon (null,idi_application); wndcls.hinstance = Hinstance;wndcls.lpszclassname = Szappname;wndcls.lpszmenuname = NULL ; if (! RegisterClass (&AMP;WNDCLS)) {MessageBox (Null,text ("Register window Failed"), TEXT ("Error"), MB_OK);} HWnd = CreateWindow (szappname,szwndname,ws_overlappedwindow,cw_usedefault,cw_usedefault,cw_usedefault,cw_ Usedefault,null,null,hinstance,null); UpdateWindow (HWND); ShowWindow (Hwnd,sw_normal); while (GetMessage (&msg,null,0,0)) {if (! TranslateAccelerator (hwnd,haccel,&msg)) TranslateMessage (&msg);D ispatchmessage (&msg);} return Msg.wparam;} LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd,uint msg,wparam wparam,lparam LPARAM) {static int nadd = 1; HMENU Hmenu,hsonmenu,htmpmenu; HMENU Htrack,hson; HMENU Hsysmenu; Point Pt;switch (msg) {Case wm_create:hmenu = Createownmenu (hwnd); SetMenu (hwnd,hmenu); hsysmenu = GetSystemMenu (Hwnd,false); AppendMenu (Hsysmenu,mf_separator,0,null); AppendMenu (Hsysmenu,mf_string,idm_sys_one,text ("Sysone")); AppendMenu (Hsysmenu,mf_string,idm_sys_two,text ("Systwo")); HACcel = Createaccelerator (hwnd), Break;case Wm_syscommand:switch (LoWord (WParam)) {case Idm_sys_one:messagebox (NULL, TEXT ("This is added system menu Item1"), NULL,MB_OK); Break;case Idm_sys_two:messagebox (Null,text ("This is added system Menu item2 "), NULL,MB_OK); Break;case Wm_command:hmenu = GetMenu (hwnd), switch (LOWORD (wParam)) {Case Idm_file_open:messagebox (Null,text ("FILE Open selected "), TEXT (" Test check "), MB_OK), break;case idm_menu_add:htmpmenu = GetSubMenu (hmenu,2); AppendMenu (Htmpmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_new+nadd,text ("NEW Item")), nadd++;D Rawmenubar (hwnd); Break;case IDM_MENU_ Rem:htmpmenu = GetSubMenu (hmenu,2); if (Nadd >1) {nadd--; Removemenu (Htmpmenu,idm_menu_new+nadd,mf_bycommand);} When the menu item pops up, only the popup menu is disconnected from the menu, but the object/*getsubmenu (htmpmenu,2) is not destroyed; Removemenu (htmpmenu,2,mf_byposition); */drawmenubar (hwnd); Break;case Idm_menu_mod:htmpmenu = GetSubMenu (hMenu,2); Modifymenu (Htmpmenu,0,mf_byposition,idm_about,text ("Modified Item"));D Rawmenubar (HWND); Break;case Idm_menu_del: Htmpmenu = GETSUBMENu (hmenu,2);D eletemenu (htmpmenu,2,mf_byposition);D Rawmenubar (HWND); Break;case wm_rbuttondown:htrack= Createpopmenu (hwnd), hson= GetSubMenu (htrack,0);p t.x = LoWord (lParam);p t.y = HIWORD ( LParam); ClientToScreen (HWND,&AMP;PT); TrackPopupMenu (hson,tpm_leftbutton| Tpm_rightalign,pt.x,pt.y,0,hwnd,null); Break;case wm_destroy:postquitmessage (0); break;} return DefWindowProc (Hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam);} HMENU Createownmenu (HWND hwnd) {HMENU hmenu= createmenu (); HMENU hpopmenu= CreateMenu ();//mf_byposiotion,mf_bycommand is isn't useful here in Appendmenuappendmenu (hpopmenu,mf_ String| mf_checked| Mf_grayed,idm_file_open,text ("&open")); InsertMenu (hpopmenu,0,mf_byposition| Mf_string| Mf_disabled,idm_file_new,text ("&new")); HINSTANCE hinstance = (hinstance) GetWindowLong (hwnd,gwl_hinstance); Hbitmap hbmp = (hbitmap) loadimage (Hinstance,text ("Bitmap1.bmp"), image_bitmap,0,0,lr_loadfromfile); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_bitmap,idm_file_pic, (LPCWSTR) hbmp); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_separator,null,null); AppendMenu (hpopmEnu,mf_string,idm_file_exit,text ("&exit")); SetMenuItemBitmaps (hpopmenu,idm_file_pic,mf_bycommand,hbmp,hbmp); AppendMenu (Hmenu,mf_popup, (uint_ptr) hpopmenu,text ("File"); Hpopmenu = CreateMenu (); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_add,text ("&add")); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_rem,text ("&remove")); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_mod,text ("&modify")); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_del,text ("&delete")); AppendMenu (Hmenu,mf_popup, (uint_ptr) hpopmenu,text ("menu")); Hpopmenu = CreateMenu (); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_about,text ("about")); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_string,idm_version,text ("VERSION")); HMENU Hsonmenu = CreateMenu (); AppendMenu (Hsonmenu,mf_string,idm_menu_new,text ("Son")); AppendMenu (Hpopmenu,mf_popup, (uint_ptr) Hsonmenu,text ("Son menu"); AppendMenu (Hmenu,mf_popup, (uint_ptr) hpopmenu,text ("Change"); return hMenu;} HMENU Createpopmenu (HWND hwnd) {HMENU HMENU = CreateMenu (); HMENU hpop= CreateMenu (); AppendMenu (Hpop,mf_string,idm_pop_one,text ("ONe ")); AppendMenu (Hpop,mf_string,idm_pop_two,text ("Twod")); AppendMenu (Hmenu,mf_popup, (uint_ptr) hpop,text ("Pop"); return hMenu;} Haccelcreateaccelerator (HWND hwnd) {ACCEL Acce[2];acce[0].fvirt = Fcontrol | Fnoinvert | Fvirtkey;acce[0].key = ' A '; acce[0].cmd = Idm_menu_add;acce[1].fvirt = Fcontrol | Fnoinvert | Fvirtkey;acce[1].key = ' R '; acce[1].cmd = Idm_menu_rem; Haccel haccel = createacceleratortable (acce,2); return haccel;}

Windows Programming Menu Actions