Database foundation
1. The origin of Database
The first use of the term "DataBase" was cited by the American System Development Corporation in developing data for the U.S. Navy base in the 1960s.
2. The prototype of the database
In 1963, the IDS (IntegrateDataStore) system designed and developed by C·W·Bachman was put into operation, which can share the database for multiple COBOL programs
3. The emergence of mesh databases
In 1968, the networked database system TOTAL began to appear;
In 1969, the IMS system of the hierarchical database system developed by IBM McGee and others was published, which allows multiple programs to share the database
In October 1969, the CODASYL database developer proposed the network model database system specification report DBTG, which made the database system start to be standardized and standardized.
4. The development stage of the database
In the 1980s, a large number of commercial relational database systems came out and were widely promoted and used. They were not only suitable for large-scale computer systems, but also suitable for medium, small and micro computer systems. During this period, the distributed database system also moved towards use.
In 1970, E·F·Code of the SanJose Research Institute of IBM published a paper entitled "Data Relation Model of Large Shared Databases", which initiated theoretical research on relational methods and relational standardization of databases.
In 1971, the American Data System Language Association proposed a three-level abstract model in the DBTG report formally published, that is, the external model for describing the data structure of the application program, and the conceptual model for describing the data structure of the entire object system. The internal model of data storage structure description solves the problem of data independence.
In 1974, IBM's SanJose Research Institute successfully developed a relational database management system SystemR and put it on the software market.
In 1976, Chen Pingshan, a Chinese American, proposed a practical (physical) connection method for database logic design.
In 1978, New Orleans published the DBDWD report. He divided the design process of the database system into four stages: demand analysis, information analysis and definition, logical design and physical design.
In 1980, the book "Principles of Database Systems" by J·D·Ulman was officially published.
In 1981, E·F·Code won the ACM Turing Award, the highest award in computer science.
In 1984, the book "Relational Database Theory" by David Marer marked the theoretical maturity of databases.
5. Mature stage
From the 1980s to the present, database theory and application have entered a mature development period. Analysys International released "IT Products and Services-Data Monitoring of China's Database Software Market in 2007" to investigate the Chinese database management software market. Data for 2007: Oracle, IBM, Microsoft and Sybase firmly occupy the top four in the domestic database software market, with a market share of 93.8%.
For more detailed information, please refer to:
[Database development process]: https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1566776424021817&wfr=spider&for=pc
6. Summary
Database definition:
A data collection that is stored together in a certain way, can be shared with multiple users, has as little redundancy as possible, and is independent of the application.
Why do you need a database:
Fundamentally speaking, the database is still based on disk file storage (some non-relational databases may be based on memory, but if you need to store data for a long time,
It still has to be serialized to the hard disk), so why invent the wheel repeatedly? Think about it, with the development of information science and technology, human productivity is becoming more and more prosperous.
The amount of data generated every day in the world is not huge, even if it is a company's data for several years, and these data are various and messy. if there is not
In the case of a database, it would be a lot of complicated work to process these files. The timely appearance of databases provides low-redundancy storage of people’s data.
It provides good support, and at the same time, it is more convenient for users to perform secondary processing of data (such as backup of original data, addition, deletion, modification, and check, etc.). The direct point is for convenience
The user provides a faster, flexible and powerful way of processing data.
Next, I will introduce one of the most common relational database MySQL.
The development of
MySQL database
In fact, the initial starting point of MySQL was to use mSQL and their own fast low-level routines (ISAM) to connect tables. In any case, after some tests, the developer concluded that the speed or flexibility of mSQL is not enough to meet the requirements. This has led to a new SQL interface for the database, so that this API is designed to allow third-party code written for mSQL to be more easily ported to MySQL.
Original quoted from: https://blog.csdn.net/zyj66666/article/details/74003041
1. The origin of MySQL name
The name of the MySQL dolphin logo is "sakila", which was selected by the founder of MySQL AB from a large list of names suggested by users in the "Dolphin Name" contest.
2. The history of MySQL
In 1979, a programmer named Monty Widenius was working for a small company of TcX, and designed a reporting tool in BASIC that could run on a computer with a 4MHz frequency and 16KB of memory. At the time, this was just a very low-level storage engine for reports only, named Unireg
In 1990, some of TcX's customers began to request SQL support for his API. Monty directly used mSQL code to integrate it into its own storage engine. Disappointingly, the effect is not very satisfactory, and I am determined to rewrite a SQL support myself.
In 1996, MySQL 1.0 was released. It was only for a small group of people, which was equivalent to an internal release. In October 1996, MySQL 3.11.1 was released (MySQL does not have a 2.x version), and initially only the binary version under Solaris was provided. A month later, the Linux version appeared. In the next two years, MySQL was ported to various platforms in turn.
From 1999 to 2000, MySQL AB was established in Sweden. Monty hired several people to cooperate with Sleepycat and developed the Berkeley DB engine. Since BDB supports transaction processing, MySQL has since supported transaction processing.
In 2000, MySQL not only published its own source code, but also adopted the GPL (GNU General Public License) license agreement to officially enter the open source world. In April of the same year, MySQL organized the old storage engine ISAM and named it MyISAM.
In 2001, Heikki Tuuri's storage engine InnoDB was integrated. This engine not only supports transaction processing, but also supports row-level locks. Later, the engine proved to be the most successful MySQL transaction storage engine. The official combined version of MySQL and InnoDB is 4.0
In December 2003, MySQL 5.0 was released, providing functions such as views and stored procedures.
In January 2008, MySQL AB was acquired by Sun for $1 billion, and MySQL database entered the Sun era. In the Sun era, Sun has carried out a lot of promotion, optimization, and bug fixes.
In November 2008, MySQL 5.1 was released, which provides partitioning, event management, and row-based replication and disk-based NDB cluster systems, and fixes a large number of bugs.
In April 2009, Oracle acquired Sun for $7.4 billion. Since then, MySQL database has entered the Oracle era, and its third-party storage engine InnoDB was acquired by Oracle as early as 2005.
In December 2010, MySQL 5.5 was released. Its main new features include semi-synchronous replication and support for SIGNAL/RESIGNAL exception handling. The most important thing is that the InnoDB storage engine has finally become the default storage engine for MySQL.
For more comprehensive information, please refer to the website: https://blog.csdn.net/zyj66666/article/details/74003041
<div style="color:red;font-weight:700;">Summary:</div>
Database: In the 1960s, it was proposed from the development and citation of the US naval base, and then to the emergence of the network database. In 1970, the IBM SanJose Research Institute
E·F·Code published a paper entitled "Data Relation Model of Large Shared Databases". The database theory was improved step by step, and some relational databases began to appear.
Until now, there are more popular relational database management systems (DBMS) on the market: MySQL, Oracle, DB2, SqlServer, MariaDB, etc. Not relationship
With the introduction of distributed and big data, some non-relational databases can no longer meet the basic business needs, so a number of comparisons
Representative non-relational databases: Hbase, MongoDB, Redis, Neo4j, etc.
MySQL: The reason for the development was originally related to the founder of MySQL, Monty Widenius. The client of the Tcx company who worked part-time asked him to provide SQL support for the API he developed.
So he integrated the mSQL code into the report-oriented storage engine Unireg he wrote before, but the efficiency was not ideal, so he started to write by himself
SQL support, that is, MySQL 1.0 version was released in 1996. But his users are only available to a small group of people. By October 1996, MySQL 3.11.1 was released
(MySQL does not have a 2.x version).
So next:
From 1999 to 2000, MySQL AB was established in Sweden. Monty hired several people to develop the Berkeley DB engine. As BDB supports transaction processing,
Therefore, MySQL has since supported transaction processing.
In 2000, MySQL not only published its own source code, but also adopted the GPL (GNU General Public License) license agreement. In April of the same year, MySQL gave
The old storage engine ISAM was sorted out and named MyISAM.
In 2001, Heikki Tuuri's storage engine InnoDB was integrated, which not only supports transaction processing, but also supports row-level locks. The version officially combined with InnoDB is
4.0.
In December 2003, MySQL 5.0 was released, providing functions such as views and stored procedures.
In January 2008, MySQL AB was acquired by Sun for $1 billion, and MySQL database entered the Sun era.
In November 2008, MySQL 5.1 was released, which provides partitioning, event management, as well as row-based replication and disk-based NDB cluster system
In April 2009, Oracle acquired Sun for $7.4 billion, and the MySQL database has entered the Oracle era since then.
In December 2010, MySQL 5.5 was released. Its main new features include semi-synchronous replication and support for SIGNAL/RESIGNAL exception handling. The most
The important thing is that the InnoDB storage engine has finally become the default storage engine for MySQL.
