Linux 2.4 Nat howto Simplified Chinese version
Rusty Russell, mailing list netfilter@lists.samba.org$ Revision: 1.3 $ Date: 2002/06/05 13:21:56 $Simplified Chinese: Foreign ghost netsnakeThanks to the traditional Chinese netmanforever@yahoo.comThis document describes how to perform camouflage, transparent proxy, port forwarding, and Network Address Translation Based on other types of Linux 2.4 kernel ).
1. Introduction
2. Official Site and list
2.1 What Is Nat?
IntroducedIn a system called Catenet, the IP protocol is used as a host to the host datagram service. A network connection device is called a gateway. These gateways exchange information for control through gateways to Gateway protocols (GGP). Typically, a gateway or destination host communicates with the source host, for example, for reporting errors in the datagram process. ICMP is used for this purpose, which uses IP as the underlying support, as i
Configure Span dialog (span session)
Basic functions
By setting the span dialog to monitor the data flow of the switch port or the entire VLAN, the monitored data stream can be analyzed and processed by the Protocol analysis device.
Working mode
The span dialog consists of a destination port and a set of source ports that replicate packets from one or more source ports on one or more VLANs to the destination
processing methods include: allow accept), discard drop) or reject ). To filter packets, the firewall must be able to analyze the source IP addresses and destination IP addresses of packets, you must also be able to check data such as the package type, source port number and destination port number, Packet Flow Direction, Nic interface for packets entering the firewall, and online status of TCP.Firewall co
Tags: des HTTP Io OS AR for strong SP Div
ARP-why do we need it?
In any environment, be it the physical data-center, your home, or a rolling alization cloud, machines need to know the Mac, or physical network address, of the next hop. for example, let there be two machines connected directly via a switch:
The first machine has an IP address of 10.0.0.1, and a MAC address of 0000: Dead: beef,
While the second machine has an IP address of 10.0.0.2, and a MAC address of 2222: Face: b00c.
I merrily
xcopy--Directory Replication Commands1. Function: Copies all files in the specified directory and directory together with the directory structure.2. Type: External command3. Format: XCOPY [Source disk:]〈 source path name 〉[target drive:] [target pathname][/s][/v][/e]4. Instructions for use:(1) xcopy is copy extension, you can copy the specified directory files and directory structure, but cannot copy hidden files and system files;(2) When using the source drive letter, the source
=" image_operate_81281438517543098 "src=" http://s10.sinaimg.cn/mw690/ 003f41ccty6ujujb84p99690 "width=" 577 "height=" 233 "alt=" 003f41ccty6ujujb84p99690 "/>① on the target host, the application layer sends a stream of data to the transport layer;The ② Transport layer truncates the data stream into groups, and the TCP header forms a TCP segment message, which is sent to the network layer;③ the IP header of the source and destination host on the netwo
[Routera-ethernet0]ip Add 192.168.1.1 24# Boot Port[Routera-ethernet0]undo shutdown[Routera-ethernet0]quit# Save, in any viewSave# View current device configuration information[Routera]display current-configuration# View configuration in Flash (equivalent to Cisco Start-config)[Routera]display saved-configuration# Remove configuration information from Flash (reset device configuration)[Routera]reset saved-configuration# Reboot DeviceReboot# Display System software version[Routera]display version
, but the application that sends the message gives the message to a message system, which ensures that the message is delivered to the application receiving the message.There are two important roles in the asynchronous messaging system: message Broker and destination. When an app sends a message, it will send it directly to the message broker, and the message broker will act as the Post office, ensuring that the message is delivered to a specific
native and before the route is forwarded; the destination IP address in the conversion data packet is used for Dnat)Postrouting chain (processing of packets that are about to leave the machine; Source IP address in the conversion data packet for Snat)Table with filter, NAT, Mangle, raw four kinds of built-in tables:
Filter Table: Used to implement filters, packet filtering firewall function Filter is the default table for Iptables, with th
Iptables official website: Alibaba
IptablesHttp://netfilter.org/
Path of the data packet passing through the firewall
Port prohibited
Force access to a site
Publish an internal network server
Intelligent DNS
Port ing
Access through NAT
Save and restore IP rules
Iptables command syntax
Iptables instance
Path of the data packet passing through the firewall
This fully demonstrates how a data packet passes through the firewall. considering the space saving, this graph actually contains
In three case
for SFTP file transfer, the Chinese processing is garbled and the encoding cannot be set through the Setfilenameencoding () method.Solution:Download the jsch-0.1.51 source code, find the Sendinit () method in the Channelsftp.java file, modify the contents of the Red Sectionprivate void Sendinit () throws Exception {This.packet.reset ();Puthead ((Byte) 1, 5);this.buf.putInt (3); //modified to This.buf.putInt ( 2 );GetSession (). Write (This.packet, this, 9);}You can then compile and change the c
DriverMost compiled systems provide a compiler driver, which represents the language preprocessor, compiler, assembler, and linker that the user invokes when needed.Example: the function main () calls swap to swap the two elements in the external global data buf. This example runs through the full text and analyzes how links work.
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/* $begin main *//* main.c */voidswap();intbuf[2] = {1, 2}; intmain(){swap();return0;}/* $end main */
Http://www.cnblogs.com/happyhotty/articles/1874720.html* multicast and broadcast are only used for UDP (TCP is connection-oriented)
* Multicast: transmits data frames to multiple hosts in the multicast group on the same network;Broadcast: transmits data frames to all hosts on the same network.
* The network adapter determines that the destination address is the physical address of the network adapter or the frame of the broadcast or multicast address,
Windows Route table command
Display and modify entries in the local IP address routing table.
SyntaxRoute [-f] [-p] [Command [Destination] [mask Netmask] [Gateway] [metric Metric] [if Interface]
Parameters-FClear all routes that are not the primary route (the network mask is 255.255.255.255), back-to-network route (the target is 127.0.0.0, and the network mask is 255.255.255.0), or Multicast Route (the target is 224.0.0.0, the route table of the rout
In fact, many times of Assembly optimization are dealing with how to effectively organize data to adapt to the data structure of parallel computing commands.
This section describes the data scrubbing commands, which are quite flexible to use. The details are as follows:
1.ShufpsXMM, XMM/m128, imm8 (0 ~ 255)
Description:
From the instruction suffix, This Is A sse1 instruction.
This command divides the source memory and destination register
TCP Message FormatTCP (transmission Control Protocol Transmission Protocol) is a connection-oriented, reliable, byte-stream-based Transport layer communication protocol.The header of a TCP message segment has 10 required fields and an optional field. The header is at least 20 bytes. The data after the header is optional.1) Source Port (16-bit)
Identifies the computer port or process that sent the message. A TCP message segment must include the source port number so that the
Instructions for use:
1. Remove the "Extension=php_gd2.dll" line in front of the php.ini file, because we need to use the GD library;
2. Change Extension_dir = to the directory where your Php_gd2.dll is located;
Copy Code code as follows:
/******************************************************************************
Parameter description:
$max _file_size: Upload file size limit, unit byte
$destination _folder: Upload file path
$wate
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