Unlike linear regression, instead of multiplying each feature directly by its coefficients, it uses an S-type function (the logistic function). As follows:The reason for using this form function (probability, derivation).The cost function, also not the sum of squared errors in linear regression, is based on the logarithmic likelihood function, as follows:The post
I was excited when I saw this part of the content, because it was finally linked to the theoretical content of my previous studies, which is part of the code implementation of the previous logistic regression theory, so if something that is not quite understood can be returned to the theoretical part to understand, Below we enter the topic----Logistic regressionF
The neural network can be seen in two ways, one is the set of layers, the array of layers, and the other is the set of neurons, which is the graph composed of neuron.In a neuron-based implementation, you need to define two classes of Neuron, WeightAn instance of the neuron class is equivalent to a vertex,weight consisting of a linked list equivalent to an adjacency table and a inverse adjacency table.In the layer-based implementation, each layer corresponds to a layer class, namely Logisticregre
1.sensitivity, also known as recall,true positive rate, means that the predicted positive case is proportional to (true positive) and all facts are positive.2.specificity, also called, true negative rate, meaning is the proportion of case that is predicted to be negative (true negative) and all facts are negative.3.roc (receiver operating characteristic)ROC can be used to evaluate the classification algorithms of two classifications.The longitudinal axis of the ROC curve is the ratio of sensitiv
Data preparation:A set of stock history sold data (stock code: 601106 China One heavy), starting Date: 2011-01-04 to date, where variables are "open", "highest", "minimum", "close", "Total hand", "Amount", "ups and downs" and so onUPDATEFactstockSET [Ups and Downs] =N'Rise'WHERE [gains] > 0UPDATEFactstockSET [Ups and Downs] =N'Fall'WHERE [gains] 0UPDATEFactstockSET [Ups and Downs] =N'Flat'WHERE [gains] = 0SELECT [Ups and Downs] , COUNT(*) asCnt fromFactstockGROUP by [
] = Data.flatmap (_ (1). Split (";")). Map (_.split (":") (0)). Distinct (). zipwiThindex (). Collectasmap ()//Build the training dataset, where sample represents a sample containing tags and feature val traindata:rdd[labeledpoint] = Data.map (sample=> {//Because Mllib only receives 1.0 and 0.0 to classify, here we pattern match, turn into 1.0 and 0.0 val label = sample (0) Match {case "1" => 1.0 case _ => 0.0}//Find a non-0 element subscript, look up subscript in dictionary map with the charact
monotonically increasing function , so when the logarithm function takes the maximum value, the original function also obtains the maximum value. (Logarithmic function Y=logax y=\log_a{x}, monotonically incrementing when A>1 a>1, and monotonically decreasing when 0
(3) the derivative is 0 to obtain the likelihood equation;
(4) to solve the likelihood equation, get The parameters are the desired, and the
The below uses the maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters in
Logistic regression is a classification method, which is used for two classification problems, and its basic idea is:
Look for the appropriate hypothesis function, the classification function, to predict the results of the input data;
The structure loss function is used to indicate the deviation between the predicted output and the actual classes in the training data;
Minimize the loss function
http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/43884027Machine learning machines Learning-andrew NG Courses Study notesClassification0, 1 meansDenote with 0 is the negative classDenote with 1 is the positive class.Hypothesis representationDecision BoundaryCost FunctionSimplified cost Function and Gradient descentAdvanced optimizationMulticlass Classification-one-vs-allfrom:http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/43884027Machine Learning-vi. Logistic
[21]): Errorcount + = 1 #计算错误率 errorrate = (Float (errorcou NT)/numtestvec) print "The error rate of this test is:%f"% errorrate return errorratedef multitest (): numtests = 10; errorsum=0.0 for K in range (numtests): Errorsum + = Colictest () print "After%d iterations the average error R ATE is:%f "% (numtests, errorsum/float (numtests))Implementation results:The error rate of this test is:0.358209the error rate of this test is:0.417910the error rate of this test is:0.268657th E error r
1 sigmoid function 2 Maximum likelihood estimate Mle and loss function 3 gradient drop 4 Another form of loss function and its gradient
1.1 sigmoid function
Since the two classification result is 1 or 0, which is very similar to the mathematical step function, but the step function in the position of the x=0 mutation, the mutation is difficult to deal with mathematically. Therefore, the sigmoid function is generally used to fit:
G (z) =11+e−z (1) g (z) ={\frac 1{1+e^{-z}}}\tag{1}
Specifica
/1255144/201710/ 1255144-20171016100309709-1290337493.png "/>It can be seen that the accuracy rate of decision tree algorithm and logistic regression algorithm is roughly the same, but the recall rate of decision tree algorithm is much greater than that of logistic regression.If you want to learn more about the application of machine learning and re-business, ple
First we import a set of AIRPLAN.XLSX data.Age in the data table, Flight_count indicates number of flights, base_points_sum indicates mileage, Runoff_flag indicates loss or not, definition 1 is a positive sample, Representative has been lost.Now let's look at the final effect:It can be seen that the accuracy rate of decision tree algorithm and logistic regression algorithm is roughly the same, but the recal
This paper mainly introduces the realization of logistic regression, the test of model, etc.Reference Blog http://blog.csdn.net/tiaaaaa/article/details/58116346;http://blog.csdn.net/ai_vivi/article/details/438366411. Test set and training set (3:7 scale) data source: http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/statlog+ (Australian+credit+approval)Austra=read.table ("Australian.dat") head (Austra) #预览前6行N =length
In the original: "Bi thing" Microsoft logistic regression algorithm--Forecast stock rise and fallData preparation:A set of stock history sold data (stock code: 601106 China One heavy), starting Date: 2011-01-04 to date, where variables are "open", "highest", "minimum", "close", "Total hand", "Amount", "ups and downs" and so onUPDATEFactstockSET [Ups and Downs] =N'Rise'WHERE [gains] > 0UPDATEFactstockS
Mark some of the problems in logistic regression.
In LR, what happens to the Feature dimension > Sample quantity?
Reference: https://www.zhihu.com/question/31554489
In LR, linear can be divided and linearly non-divided, and how to influence the convergence.
Reference: HTTPS://WWW.ZHIHU.COM/QUESTION/29163846/ANSWER/43849528?UTM_SOURCE=WEIBOUTM_MEDIUM=WEIBO_SHAREUTM _content=share_answerutm_campaign=s
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