wildcard type to handle this situation. pushAllthe type of the input parameter should not be "E's iterable interface", but should be "the Iterable interface of a subtype of E", and there is a wildcard type, which means: Iterable . ( extends the use of keywords is a bit misleading: Recall entry 29, subtypes are defined as each type is its own subtype, even if it does not inherit itself.) Let's modify it pushAll to use this type:// Wildcard type for a parameter that serves as an E producerpublic
into the stack:public void pushAll(Iterablefor(E e : src) push(e)}The assumes that there is an instantiation stack object stack,src has iterable and Iterable; The type mismatch error occurs when the Pushall method is called because generics in Java are immutable, iterable and Iterable are not iterable subtypes. Therefore, you should change to // Wildcard type for parameter that serves as an E producerpublic void pushAll(Iterableextends E> src) { for (E e : src) push(e);}To implement a
The parameterized type is immutable. ,listConsider: Public class Stack { public Stack (); Public void push (e e); Public E pop (); Public Boolean isEmpty ();}Suppose you add a method that puts a series of elements into the stack sequentially: Public void pushall (iterable src) { for(e e:src) push (e);}If you try to do this:New Stack(); iterable ...; S.pushall (integers);Logically, this should be allowed, because integer is a subclass of number and should allow the in
(both extends and super) to retrieve and write data ).Example:// Wildcard type for parameter that serves as an E producerPublic void pushAll (Iterable For (E e: src)Push (e );}Assume that there is an object Stack of the instantiated stack The type mismatch Error occurs when the pushAll method is called, because the generics in Java are immutable,Neither Iterable // Wildcard type for parameter that serves as an E consumerPublic void popAll (Collection
other words, if the parameterized type represents a producer, the The following is a simple Stack API interface: Public Interface Stack{ public Stack (); Public void push (E E): Public E pop (); Public Boolean isEmpty ();}假设想增加一个方法,按顺序将一系列元素全部放入Stack中,你可能想到的实现方式如下: Public void Pushall (iterable iter) { for(e e:iter) push (e);}Suppose there is a stackNew Stack(); iterablenull; /* */ / errorCode compilation fails at this point because, for type number and integer, al
of numbers.So we have the bounded wildcard type, and the key is this bounded.A '? 'Is wildcard, and the restriction is bounded wildcard, that is:
public void pushAll(Iterable
Correspondingly, we provide a popAll method to add pop elements to the specified set.For example, the elements in the Stack must be added to the Collection
public void popAll(Collection
For the use of generic wildcard, the author po
stack, because generics are not covariant, decisive to a compile-time error.But throw away these don't want to, put a bunch of integers into a bunch of number and appear so in the should.So we have bounded wildcard type, the key is this bounded.A '? ' is the wildcard, for which add the limit is bounded wildcard, namely:public void pushAll(IterableAccordingly, we then provide a Popall method that adds the pop-out element to the specified collection.Fo
packages already installed.# Checking for setuid/setgid programs.This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-userPermission during the process of installing this package.Do you want to continue with the installation of Installing ttywatcher as # Installing part 1 of 1./Usr/local/bin/ttywatcher/Usr/local/doc/ttywatcher/ANNOUNCE/Usr/local/doc/ttywatcher/COPYRIGHT/Usr/local/doc/ttywatcher/Makefile/Usr/local/doc/ttywatcher/Makefile. solaris/Usr/local/doc/ttywatcher/README/Usr/lo
body, and the type is endtag. The tagname is handed to the processtoken method of htmltreebuilder for processing. processendtag (token) ---> processendtagforinbody (token) ---> processbodyendtagforinbody) ---> setinsertionmode (afterbodymode)12. parse the token type to character and hand it to the processtoken method of htmltreebuilder for processing. processcharacter (token) ---> processcharacterbuffer ---> m_tree.inserttextnode (characters)13. The tagname resolved to the token is HTML, the ty
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