Discussion on the development direction of Access Network Technology

The access industry is constantly developing, and technologies are constantly being upgraded. The access network technology has been widely used and brings a lot of convenience to people. I believe that in the future development, it is not only new technologies, but also more convenient for users.

In the process of evolution from a traditional PSTN network to the next generation network, the development of access network technologies that account for more than 40% of network construction investment has become one of the focuses of the industry. Especially with the opening of the telecom market, the development of access networks will be directly related to the operator's efforts to win user groups and provide business capabilities. Currently, in the face of the coexistence of traditional and new business needs of users, the integration of the access network technology has become the main way to enhance the business innovation capability of fixed network operators.

The characteristics of the access network technology determine the integration of the access network technology. The purpose of integrated access network technology is to achieve full service access to voice, data, and video, which requires it to have a sound architecture that can be integrated into existing telecom networks, it can also adapt to the future development of telecom networks. According to the Network Location of the access network and the business functions to be implemented, the Integrated Access Network Technology should have an integrated platform to facilitate network planning, upgrade and expansion. A wide range of interfaces should be available, to meet the access needs of various businesses; open interface standards should be supported to adapt to interconnection with core networks and user terminals; QoS Assurance for different services should be provided; it should be able to achieve unified transmission of integrated services, saving optical fiber; it should be able to support flexible networking, supports various network topologies such as the ring network and Ring Band chain, and hybrid networking with optical fiber cables, optical fiber cables, and copper cables and wireless cables to adapt to different network conditions and achieve wide coverage; unified network management should be implemented to reduce operation and maintenance costs. These features make the Integrated Access Network Technology complicated, including exchange, transmission, and network management.

Especially with the increasing demand for broadband services for end users, FTTH has become a hot topic in the future. FTTH is a final form of the development of the optical fiber access network technology. PON technology began in early 1980s. Currently, PON products on the market are mainly divided into APON/BPON (ATMPON/broadband PON) and EPON (Ethernet PON) based on the technologies used) and GPON (gigabit-bit PON) are the most cost-effective among FTTH technologies. As two representatives of PON technology, EPON and GPON technology have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of cost investment and support rate. Compared with GPON technology, EPON has a low technical threshold and a low design difficulty for core chips. Many chip manufacturers have joined the EPON chip design camp, and their industrial chain is more mature. However, GPON is more technically advantageous. It supports multiple rate levels and supports the uplink/downlink asymmetric rate. GPON has the highest efficiency in both the transport aggregation layer and the Business adaptation layer, so it has considerable advantages in both total efficiency and equivalent system cost. Experts believe that with the gradual maturity of GPON technology, commercial users who are not price sensitive but have high technical requirements will truly become the user base of GPON.

With the large-scale construction of access network technology and the emergence of new businesses, the integrated access network technology is increasingly showing its advantages in many aspects. When introducing their new products and solutions, some manufacturers believe that the advantages of integrated access network technology are mainly reflected in the following aspects.

Integrated Access networks can reduce network construction costs and risks of network operation. The access network has wide technical coverage and high investment. When backbone networks of major operators in China are basically built, the integration of the access layer can save equipment investment, avoid repeated construction, and shorten the procurement cycle, reduce procurement costs and quickly meet the needs of major customers for comprehensive business. In terms of service activation, integrated access network technology allows you to flexibly deploy voice, data, multimedia, and value-added services as needed, reducing the O & M costs and operational risks of the entire network.

The integrated access network can meet the business needs of commercial users. With the development of telecommunication networks and the increasing standard of living, the demand of commercial users for communication is no longer limited to basic telecommunication services such as telephone, it is no longer satisfied with the access rate of dozens of kbit/s and the simple QoS Assurance Service provided by telecom carriers. Consumer demand for communication has gradually shifted from traditional telephone and fax services to high-speed Internet access, low/high-speed leased lines, Data, broadband services, and other fields. The integration of access networks can meet personalized and multi-business needs of commercial customers.

The Integrated Access Network Technology also provides networking capabilities that fully adapt to the environment. In the network access layer, the lack of transmission and pipeline resources is a common feature of many operators. Using integrated access networks, You can take full advantage of the Integration of network transmission and access to solve the problem that a large number of pipe holes are required for a large number of cable without transmission or a traditional network construction mode. For example, the optical fiber laying on the access layer can take the lease of small pipe holes or overhead cabling. The wiring at the end of the access network can make full use of the integrated cabling system in the building to realize the comprehensive access network technology of the customer's business. Some domestic and foreign equipment suppliers have also launched integrated access network technology solutions that integrate integrated transmission, active/passive, and wired/wireless.

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3. Broadband Access Technology Study Notes
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