TCP/IP protocol stack (note)

I. TCP/IP protocol stack and its Protocols at different levels

II. Protocol Overview

1) TCP: Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a connection-oriented protocol that provides full-duplex byte streams and is a type of streaming interface.

2) UDP: user data packet protocol, no connection protocol. Like TCP, IPv4 or IPv6 can be used. It is a datagram set interface.

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3) ICMP: controls the Message Protocol over the Internet to handle errors and control messages between routers and hosts.

4) IGMP: the Internet Group Management Protocol for multicast in the network.

5) ARP: Address Resolution Protocol, which maps IPv4 addresses to hardware addresses (such as Ethernet addresses) and is generally used for multicast.

6) RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol, which maps hardware addresses to IPv4 addresses.

3. Description of each protocol layer

1) application layer: network applicationsProgramAnd where the application protocol is stored. The Information Group at this layer is message ).

2) Transport Layer: transmits packets between applications. The transport layer is grouped into segments ).

3) network layer: It is responsible for moving the data packet from one host to another.

4) Link Layer: send a group between the source and destination through a series of routers. This group is called a frame.

5) Physical Layer: responsible for moving the entire frame from one network element to another.