Author: Xiaxiao
Link: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/19736559
Source: Know
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As a standard of learning slag, although experienced a series of changes but eventually used LaTeX completed my graduation thesis. To ask me what I feel, I strongly recommend that you use Word to complete your thesis if you are not prepared to meet the steep learning curve and the small details of the various blows. To be honest, if you can take the time to learn LaTeX to see how Word implements "content and style separation", how to turn on Visio's hidden "developer features" and how to use it correctly, and the correct Excel data processing, you will be able to make the same fine graduation thesis. In this respect, LaTeX, TikZ and so on are just the same knowledge in a coercive way to help you complete a similar science.
Without being persuaded by the above words, I would like to share the experience of writing my own paper, hoping to help you put this steep learning curve to a minimum. First of all, this article is to complete a high-quality paper typesetting as the priority. So I don't mind recommending the use of pirated software, nor will it teach you how to use TikZ these Open-source software (anyway, I've never used this kind of slag).
Want 0 Basic study LaTeX, my suggestion is to have two things on the desktop, one is the high quality graduation thesis LaTeX template, the other is lnotes; the computer has two things on it, one is Texlive 2013, the other is LaTeX special editor such as Texmaker or Te Xstudio and so on.
Of course, since the emphasis is on the 0 basis, we need to explain the above paragraph. Why is there a paper LaTeX template and lnotes on hand? Because I think novice LaTeX the quickest way is not to recite instructions, but in understanding the premise of LaTeX template to learn how to suit write their own things. A high-quality graduation thesis LaTeX template, should have the following characteristics:
1. Sustained maintenance. TeX is a TUG community-led product, which means that developers are constantly adding new content to it, but it's hard to get access to the latest developments in the TUG community if no one is maintaining it. Once you start from the old template, the result is that your mind is still stuck in
* Want to use Chinese environment is Ctex
* Want to use times font in addition to \USEPACKAGE{MATHPTMX} do not know there is a better alternative
* To insert a picture is still thinking about how to put the picture into. eps format
These old settings. and the continuous maintenance of the template will be able to keep up with the times, so that you learn from the beginning of TeX which features are relatively new, so as to avoid the LaTeX in the "clearly installed in the car is a word 2013 with Word 2003 of the wheel" such a tragedy.
2. A brief set of hands-on instructions. A good LaTeX paper template in addition to providing the most basic template functionality, its chapters are attached to a number of simple LaTeX hands-on instructions, such as how to add a table and add pictures of the operation. What's even better is that when you install Texlive, you can compile the template and output the corresponding PDF file. If you can compile successfully, try to replace the text with the text you want, and then try to replace the picture with the one you want, and finally try to edit the form into the form you want to use in your paper ... So your paper has been completed 70%, is not very painless learning methods.
3. The quality of the template itself is set in full compliance with the requirements of the format of the dissertation. There should be no problem with the format of the papers that are compiled according to their thesis documents. This is more convenient for some LaTeX learning atmosphere strong college students, for some from the quality of the template is not even a template for the birth of the college students, you can go to find a template for other universities and then the first handwritten paper, and finally in accordance with the requirements of the school to modify the template. Because for the novice to change the template than to change the content of many difficulties, may wish to start from the content of the editor began to learn LaTeX grammar, from easy to difficult ~
Next, say Lnotes, lnotes full name is LaTeX notes. At the outset I did not have a person to teach under the premise of their own find a number of LaTeX introductory tutorials, and finally often put on hand is this. Li Aling also mentioned in previous articles (for those who are rushing to graduate-all about Texnique-know the column), so the individual feels that the book is well under scrutiny. The book structure is more reasonable, the content is more practical, write the paper in the content of the basic common problems in the books are mostly answered. Although some of the content has been somewhat outdated, but I have not seen a better alternative.
Because the template has already defined all the basic styles, the common problems in the content are focused on how the formula is written, how the picture is arranged, and how the table deals with the samples.
A bad trend for a formula is that before talking to a novice, he is happy to tell me that other software is very friendly to the LaTeX formula, such as LaTeX formula code is automatically generated by copying and pasting at MathType. I would like to say that this is really bad, basically not pure science students, all the elements of the formula in the paper are all written down to really not how long time. Even if you do not want to remember, the upper corner marked with "^", the lower corner marked with "_", the score with "\frac", the square root with "\sqrt" these in the lnotes can be found, many times also on the back down. I'm not saying that MathType generated LaTeX formula code, but that generated code is always very redundant and is said to fall out of the hole. In short, since has decided to learn LaTeX, is this small problem also to rely on software automatically generated to help you solve it.
Picture words basic use "\includegraphics" command is enough, the rest of the two situations, one is graphics, the second is the picture. These two are easy to distinguish, the former is the use of MATLAB, Visio or Mathematica, the software generated by the curve or the production diagram, they are vector format, so you can without distortion under the premise of any scaling. Their file formats include. Fig,. eps,. VSD,. pdf,. wmf, and so on; the latter is photographed with a camera, which is based on a pixel-point bitmap so it cannot be scaled without distortion. Their file formats include. bmp,. png,. jpg, and so on. For the latter will not say, because it is a commonplace topic, if you need to modify the use of Photoshop, online content is also relatively complete. It is worth mentioning that if the graphic is a screenshot of the computer, you can save it as a. png format, which you can save as a. jpg format if the camera is photographed. The file name is best in English, lest LaTeX error; for the former, I suggest you all convert to. pdf format when using. In the editing, graphics editing software for vector format mainly includes AI (Adobe illstrator), CorelDRAW, Inkscape, and Visio. AI and CorelDRAW can open. pdf files directly, but Visio cannot open. pdf directly. As a common and most familiar graphic editing software you want to use Visio is not not, as long as in the MATLAB and Mathematica these software will be generated vector graphics stored in the. wmf format, Visio can open. For other vector graphics editing software Tutorials A lot, we can pick the use of conveniently. As I said, there's no problem with pirated software.
The use of the form, in the lnotes has been introduced more detailed, here also no longer repeat. In the final analysis, the above three items plus the text will constitute the body part of a paper all content. The note of the formula recommended that you read the Chen teacher wrote the "compulsive disorder play Turn LaTeX" (compulsive disorder play turn latex-all about Texnique-know about column); graphics (not pictures) of the processing is a big pit, you are interested to see how to draw a beautiful illustrations in the paper. (How to draw a beautiful illustration in a paper.) ）。 In this question the individual agrees with the answer of FU--do not be superstitious tools, it is enough to learn your most common tools. Incidentally, the GIF animation link used in Rollei's answer is posted here (http://i.imgur.com/WntrM6p.gif).
Finally, cross reference, a big feature of LaTeX is the emphasis on separating the content from the format, so whether you're inserting a formula or a picture or a form, it's important to emphasize that when you're naming a x.x or formula (Y.Y), don't count yourself or use "as shown above." As the following illustration shows, instead of using a label to refer to (reason: to those friends who are rushing to graduate-all about Texnique-know the column). So when we need to add or subtract pictures or formulas in the paper, the figure x.x or formula already named in the text will be recalculated automatically, without the need to manually readjust the whole of the y.y. Similarly, references are used in BibTeX in the form of cross-references. This I believe everyone will be applauded after the attempt, so there is no need to emphasize what everyone must keep good habits is the XD
The above introduces the thesis template, as well as lnotes, below say Texlive and editor.
A lot of novice ask is "if do not install MacTeX on Mac, can use Texmaker or Texstudio directly." Thank you. (If you don't have MacTeX on your Mac, you can use Texmaker or Texstudio directly.) Thank you. ) is similar to this problem. Since it is the face of 0 basic readers, I hope I can explain with the following words: Texmaker and Texstudio in fact only for the LaTeX instructions have optimized Notepad. In addition to the user interface for some common LaTeX instructions have shortcut buttons and dedicated to the LaTeX debug interface, the other features are not much better than the Notepad function. What really helps you compile the LaTeX source code in a text file into a. pdf document is texlive. As for texlive, I don't think we need to know, I believe in the use of the process you will understand (a face of bad laugh).
The editor has just said that it's a reinforced version of Notepad. So for many computer veterans, even with Vim, you can write LaTeX code, but for beginners, a powerful, Easy-to-use editor can save you a lot of energy, such as not having to look up a Greek character in a formula or bold one line of text, or wasting your time on a configuration LaTeX to the editor. Texlive Texworks I personally think that the function and ease of use are not very good (of course, this does not prevent Li Aling always insist on using it). Personally, I think Texstudio is the best usability, but Texstudio has a problem with the word wrap in Chinese (Li Aling in the previous article (the editor is a pit, you mustn't jump in-all about Texnique-know the column) 。 So I usually use the texmaker. Of course, if you have a certain computer base and your favorite generic editor such as Vim, you can also configure your own generic editor to support LaTeX file compilation. I used EmEditor as the LaTeX editor.
The compiled PDF document can be viewed through software such as Adobe Reader, but I don't know if it's not set up, and if you open the compiled document with Adobe Reader on my computer, it will do the wrong thing-because it doesn't turn on the automatic refresh feature. At this point another PDF Reader Sumatra pdf is doing a good job, and Sumatra PDF's Reverse search function is doing well. Currently Sumatra PDF the only problem I've found is that rendering of type 1 fonts is not very good (May 13, 14 update Note: The latest Sumatra 2.5+ version has fixed the rendering problem, you can rest assured that).
Finally, about modifying the template and printing the binding, in fact, the modification of the template is mainly focused on the following items: line spacing, various text and title font size, font, original statement and the use of the specific content of the description of these (cover does not need to be modified, this in the last paragraph of the description); Reference format of references all universities are basically GB_T7714-2005 National standards so there is nothing to change.
Before you print, you can use a virtual printer on your own computer to print out the finished PDF file in black and white, determine if a possible color map in the article will cause unrecognized problems due to black-and-white printing, especially if you use a gray fill in some graphs, gray must not be too heavy, Otherwise, black text on the fill pattern is less readable. If the paper involved in the finite element graphics and cloud images such as must be color printing, you can advance the page number, in the print shop let staff separate the pages out to color printing. When printing, remember to request color laser printing, if the store said there is no color-shock-you change a printing shop good.
As for bookbinding, it is necessary to note that the cover does not have to do it yourself, so that the print shop people to help you do good. Because everyone's paper length is not the same, it will lead to the final binding of the finished product thickness is not the same. The staff of the print shop can only determine the position of the spine by measuring the thickness of your paper with a ruler.
from:https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/19736559
