Research on the Technology of Taijiquan Root

Research on the Technology of Taijiquan "root" Tian Jinlong (School of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 7312722, 1963-;, male; Associate Professor, Doctor)Abstract:Based on the Mechanical Principle and closely integrated with the Taijiquan drill technology, this paper analyzes the technology of Taijiquan root and explores the relationship between the root and other elements.Keywords:Taijiquan; Sports bioinformatics; root researches into the technique of the "root" of Taiji quantian Jinlong (Institute of Physical Education of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 200438,051 4-7312722; man, 1963; associate aggregsor, Doctor)Abstract:Using the principles of mechanics and Closely combining with the performancetechniques of Taiji, the author analyzes the techniques of Taiji root and expounds the relationship between the root and other element S.Key words:Taiji; sport s Biomechanic; root Taijiquan usually adopts the method of launching an attack while undermining the stability of the other party, in order to achieve the "four-two-pound" attack purpose. Therefore, in Taijiquan, the vast majority of movements, except for a few vacant moves, are completed under the conditions of support. Even in the movement, the center of gravity should also be smoothly transitioned and the foot should not shake. As a result, the image of Taijiquan is "root", meaning that the foot is as deep as a "root", resulting in the stability of the "Big Tree" of the body. Technically, the method to consolidate the stability of your own support is called "rooted". The method to damage the stability of your support is "rooted ". The root-rooted and root-rooted discussions and the relationship between root and other elements constitute the root technology world. 1. Root confusions and outlets ordinary people can observe the root cause from the contact between the foot and the ground, and determine the degree of root damage. In general, the shaking of the support leg is regarded as mild root loss, the heel lift is significant root loss, and the full foot lift is serious root loss. Experienced players can observe the root of each other from a technical perspective, and determine the way in which the root of the other party will be lost. However, can all the methods supported by consolidation be called root, Or is it possible that only one of the best methods can deserve to be named root? This is controversial in Taijiquan. Because the root of each method has a certain effect, there are also corresponding cracking methods. This gives an illusion that these roots cannot be inferred. On the other hand, a few intuitively grasp the concept of Taiji, and capture the natural nature in the speculative thinking of many opposing factors, reaching a higher root realm. As a result, the root was painted with a mysterious color, causing people to be confused about the "moon" on this day, and get tired of the inconspicuous "baozhu" in their hands ". Mr. Wang zhuanghong's explanation of root basically reflects the consensus of the Taijiquan industry. He believes: "If you do not want to fall, you must go to your root. If there is no root, there is no fixed root, such as a thing drifting in the water, such as the ball flow to the ground. It's like a tumbler, who wants to go up and down and sink, that is, the cloud of the boxing spectrum: 'float and float in the waves, sinking down, not upgrade' "[[1, the metaphor of putting trees in water, putting earth on the ball, and tumbler is an intentional description. It is acceptable to boast of a person's stable ability, if we use the principles in its physical world to explain the stability of the human body, we may be tempted to lead people into the wrong path. For example, if the human body structure is different from the physical tumbler, even if the human body has a little deformation ability, it will never change the structure like the tumbler. Second, there is another fantasy in the tumble metaphor, that is, the "sinking down" State, that the body is relaxed, the weight will be concentrated below. Not to mention that this is a misunderstanding of the "loose" technology. I am afraid that the human center of gravity in the physical world will not change so much. Obviously, the true meaning of these metaphors is that people need to learn a random rooted method that is not easy to drop, but there is still no definite answer to how to implement it. People are deeply confused because the specific root cannot achieve the purpose of Taijiquan. The reason can be traced back to the differences in the way they construct the root thinking. The specific root research method mainly involves the mechanics discussion on the stability issues supported by the Foundation. The random root is the universality of the philosophy of Taiji, it intuitively describes and explains the most specific facts and experiences related to the root. However, it is interesting to note that the dialectical logic method combining root analysis and synthesis can be simple root, and various root methods can be linked into a whole, thus deepen the root understanding. The stability of random root is also determined based on the technical level of the opponent. What's more interesting is that they have many similarities in action methods. Therefore, we start with the construction of the root and the technical equivalence of the two, to explore the internal relationship between the specific root and the random root, so as to seek the root way out. When a specific root is used as a variety of independent methods, its application scope is naturally limited, because although the root diversity has been targeted at multiple root situations, but in the face of complex and concealed attacks, it is often too busy to take actions. If we look at these root Methods dialectically and deepen the root understanding from their internal links, then the root of the connection expands the adaptation scope of the root. If we break through the limitations of root stability thinking and put the root into a larger scope for discussion, we may get a more stable root, the use of Taiji philosophical thinking, characterized by overall thinking, in Martial Arts Research, meets this requirement. It can be seen that root research can construct corresponding technical forms under different research methods. The dialectical analysis of specific roots extracts root-related mechanical principles and action methods, so that root action operations are simple and clear at the basic level; dialectical synthesis, it logically reveals the root contact methods, connects various root methods, and improves root stability. The random root of the Taiji philosophical structure breaks through the limitation of stability and can shape the root in a larger scope. Therefore, based on the expansion of application scope, it can be divided into three levels of root Research Methods: analytical, comprehensive, and speculative, as well as the technology of root at three levels: basic root, deep root, and random root. 2. Based on the mechanical principles in the above physical phenomena, we have preliminarily summarized four rooted technologies, namely, the stable root, the bracket root, the brake root and the buffer root. The stable root is the root designed for the safety position with the center of gravity between the two feet. Because the center of gravity exceeds the edge of the supporting surface, the object will be dumped. Taijiquan usually designs the center of gravity of the human body at 3/5 points in the middle of the two feet. It is considered that the first 1/5 and the last 1/5 are dangerous areas [2]. In this area, the body lags behind and floats because the center of gravity is too forward or backward. The stent root refers to the root with confrontation force under the foot. The bending of the human leg joints not only reduces the center of gravity, the angle between the calf and the ground, and the angle between the ankle, can provide a force or torque in the opposite direction, this effectively increases the human body's ability to combat the outside world. At this time, the calf is like a stent that goes deep into the ground and plays a role in fighting human dumping. Therefore, when one side of the pushing hand is pushed to the reverse bow, the center of gravity has obviously fallen out of the support area, and it will not fall to the ground. The brake root is the root that controls the forward direction of the body when the other party suddenly withdraws force. After the confrontation between the two parties is formed, when the other party suddenly withdraws the force, if my resistance cannot be undone in time, the human body will rush out to the force majeure direction, thus affecting the stability of the support. From the method of controlling spring rebound, it is suggested that when we fight against the other party, we must complete a braking force at the same time to ensure that when the other party suddenly withdraws force, it can be promptly supplemented, so that the actions of the other party do not affect my root. The buffer root is designed for the impact of the buffer. The body is relaxed, so that the power of the other side cannot affect my whole body from the contact point. At the same time, extending the force time can reduce the effect of the Force. Based on the above rooted methods, the following root-pulling methods can be designed accordingly: horizontal method, failure method, ball shot method, and fixed body method. The horizontal method is composed of two methods: the horizontal method and the Avoidance Method. The horizontal method is to influence the root of the body from the horizontal direction of the other side. The horizontal direction refers to the direction of the shorter line of the two-pin connection. Generally, the vertical line is relatively close to the horizontal edge on the support surface. Therefore, it is less powerful to shift its center of gravity to the edge of the support surface horizontally. The Avoidance Method is to avoid the ways in which confrontation forces affect their roots from their weakness. When the other party does not form a confrontation force, it is easier to shift its center of gravity horizontally. If the other party pays attention to the horizontal direction and can form a confrontation force, the horizontal direction should be abandoned and its vertical direction should be taken. Failure is a way to defeat the opponent's confrontation and lose the root. The pushing operator often uses two failed methods to damage the stability of the support under the other party. First, Party A fails to cope with the Force. The method is: Party A first uses the attacking force to bring Party B's Confrontation force, and then suddenly removes the attacking force, so that Party B is in a failed state. The other is failure in the case of being not stressed. The method is to seduce the other party with a false attack and not contribute to the other party. When the other party's body is eager to fight, it suddenly changes, make the other party fail. The common feature of failure state is that your feet lose or partially lose support. The author used the research method of synchronous operation between the Force Platform and high-speed photography to analyze the pushing tool issuing process, and found that the verticals of one side in the Fail state all have a significant wave Valley, the vertical force is suddenly reduced. [[3] research by Liu Zhicheng, menhuifeng, and others also supported this result [4]. The ball shooting method is used to deal with the self-control ability of the other party's body. When the other party has self-control capabilities, the failure method will lose effect, then the method of continuous attacks will be applied. Continuous shoot can make it fail to cope with the changing attack power and lose self-control. This is like continuous shoot a static ball and making it play. The body is forced to become stiff to control its roots. When the other party is physically relaxed, follow-up and interception methods can be taken to make it forced everywhere, unable to move, and standing in a passive state unstable. In specific ways, when the other party tries to use the method of relaxation and avoidance to destroy my attack, I also hide my strength and exercise with him, at the same time, it is expected that the position at the end of his action should be reached first, so that he cannot freely move when he reaches this position; or while following the movements of the other party, he should use the overall aggressive method, cut off the point where he can freely move and change until he is standing unsteadily. This overall follow-up and interception method is called the cover method [[5] in the traditional Taijiquan technology. 3. Deepen the root technology. The above rooted and root-pulling methods indicate that each root has a certain degree of applicability and there are also some defects. This also shows that diversity is flawed. However, this defect is not absolutely insurmountable. It should be said that the root methods are not the root cause of root defects, but the real reason lies in ourselves. Isolated, mechanical, one-sided, and static eyes are our taboos. If we get rid of the world of mechanical roots, start with their internal relationships, and regard the root methods as an indispensable component of the root organic whole, then, A variety of root designs will not be the accumulation of multiple methods, but a well-conceived necessity. In an organic whole, the root is both diverse and unified. Diversity indicates the simplicity and clarity of the root, while uniformity only indicates the root of various methods can be integrated into a whole. The root of integration can overcome the defects of root diversity to a large extent and achieve the adaptability of root. From the various root progresses to the uniform root, that is, from the base root to the deepening root, the design is embodied in the concept of mutual beneficial benefits between them. Through the center of gravity between two feet, the stability of the body is discussed when the body moves freely. When the heavy vertical line exceeds the edge of the support plane, the heavy torque plays a role in intensifying the body dumping, resulting in human dumping. It can be seen that the stability root only takes into account the impact of gravity on the stability of the bottom support, but does not take into account the active control ability of the human body. Because of this, it is the most basic condition for human body stability. Since the relationship between the heavy vertical line and the support surface is only one of the reasons that affect the stability of the human body, we have provided necessary supplements to the stent root to further expand the stability of the human body by using the body's regulatory capabilities. The stent is a reasonable arrangement of the physical structure. The angle and direction of Leg joint flexion, and the arrangement of the whole body structure, are directly related to the stability of the body and the ability to resist the outside world. Therefore, the rational arrangement of the physical structure can make the heavy vertical line out of the edge of the support surface to a certain extent, and also maintain the stability of the body; in addition, it can improve the human body's ability to withstand attacks in all directions. Stent root focuses on the structure of lower extremity. In general, the knee and ankle should maintain a force-even relationship, or the force to the direction (the traditional Taijiquan is called the pull force ). When one leg of the knee, ankle, and the two legs have established a pair of pulling force, and take into account the use of the front, back, left, right direction, it improves the stability and confrontation function of the body to cope with multiple directions (traditional Taijiquan is called to support the eight sides ). The specific methods can be summarized as: two-pin pair, two-knee pair, and knee-ankle pair. Although the stent root enhances the self-regulation and confrontation ability of the human body and expands the stability of the body, it does not take into account the reaction of its own body when it bears the attack force of the other party, I didn't take into account the physical reaction of the other party when my masterpiece is used by the other party. That is to say, the confrontation force of the support root is still wishful thinking, and there is still a possibility of being used by the other party. Failure is the biggest risk. To avoid failure, we must further improve our control in confrontation. It is an effective way to avoid failure by setting up the braking force in the process of the main power. The main power maintains a continuous movement, while the braking force forces the movement to stop. Therefore, putting an action in the rhythm and in multi-frequency conversion can effectively avoid failure. Just like a picture in a movie, it seems to be continuous. In fact, it is connected by a single picture (traditional Taijiquan describes it as "the static view is still moving, "). Because of the presence of the braking force in the active force, the Movement experiences a resistance sensation (Taijiquan is called the force extraction ). To this extent, it has almost become the main strength method of Taijiquan. Because of its special method of hard work, it is basically recognized by the martial arts industry as a typical feature of Taijiquan. Although the main power and the braking force are unified, it is easy to control yourself, passive and passive. It is also easy to make the action stiff and lose flexibility because of the excessive pursuit of control. To this end, we must strive for the maximum degree of freedom and the ease and flexibility of our actions. We can also control each other while trying to control ourselves. The combination of degrees of freedom and control requires the body to have the maximum flexibility and buffer capacity to win enough time and adjustment methods. In this regard, taijiquan adopts a relaxed and light-hearted action, so that the strength of the other party cannot penetrate into my body, so that its strength does not affect me, while we just use the time we have earned to accumulate strength, and when the power of the other party is exhausted, we can control the other party in the shortest way; or while winning the time, complete the attack. Therefore, the goal of controlling the other party's strength is not achieved without self-control. The goal of self-control without relaxation is stiff and slow, and the other party's continuous attacks cannot be handled. The combination of self-control and relaxation frees the body from being stiff and casual, and shapes the flexibility of Taijiquan. The progressive and link between the positions-confrontation-self-control-freedom shows that the root structure has undergone rigorous theoretical demonstration and practical tests. Although the root of the connection comes from a variety of roots, it has been freed from the loose and external nature of the various roots, making various rooted methods an indispensable part of the inner. In particular, their mutual benefits have been integrated into an inseparable whole. Therefore, the overall role of root is by no means the sum of the functions of various rooted methods. It seems that the root action is the same as what it is used. It can be seen that the root connection has a great adaptability, and its strength is far greater than that of various roots. 4. Although the technical deepening root of random root has made great breakthroughs in stability, it is only applicable to a wide range of applications as a finite method. If we only pursue the expansion of the applicability at this level, we will re-construct a new root and continue to climb up, but it still has defects when measured by the scale of the Taiji concept. Because the roots of Taijiquan are not only stability, but also power and other very important issues. In this regard, it is necessary to discuss how Taijiquan designed its own roots. What is the difference between the roots of Taijiquan and those aimed at Pure stability. The guidance of martial arts practices with Taiji philosophical thinking will inevitably touch on the Root issue, because the three talents in the Taiji way of thinking are an important part. This is the exploration of the universe ontology in The Book of Changes, and it holds that the expansion of the opposite is time-space. The martial artist found through practice that the three talents are embodied in specific people, showing the difference and uniformity of root, middle, and tip. As the root concept, although it was not clearly stated in the early discussion of Taijiquan, this idea has been fully implemented. The pioneer is Wang zongyue. Looking at the full text of the 13th trend, it is not difficult to see that it is the deduction of the three talents way of thinking. His discussion of the three parts of the opponent, the abdomen, and the buttocks is obviously an intentional expression of the three methods. He asked the virtual collar of the head to be good at changing; the waist was flexible, and the waist was connected up and down; the buttocks were strong and supported the eight sides [[6]. This kind of active motion is similar to that in Yijing. Based on this, we developed the complete three-section description [[7] Later. The independence in the three sections is the difference under the principle of uniformity. Starting from integrity, root should have stable support and provide power and other functions. According to the research of Taijiquan, the control function of Dantian as the central point, and the movements of the big muscle group that drive the small muscle group, the waist and crotch strength (or Dantian strength) as the main force method of Taijiquan, root is more important, and the method is also simple and clear. Therefore, the exercise Taijiquan method is correct, generally there are deep and thick lower limbs, flexible and changeable trunk, and the soft and soft upper limbs. This state may be the source of many intentional interpretations of the root, such as describing Taijiquan as a ball floating in the air to emphasize the role of Dan Tian ", or to emphasize the stability of the trunk and to describe Taijiquan as a "tumbler", to emphasize the power of the crotch strength and propose a "question to force" approach. The division of the three sections has already taken into account the physical structure of the human body, which is very similar to the division of the human body in the study of today's sports bioinformatics. In addition, the force in the three sections is connected through the action methods throughout the festival to ensure the smoothness of the power, and is similar to the biological sports chain research methods in the sports biochemistry. In the sports chain, each link is in a connection. Especially in closed chains, independent movements in all links are impossible. In the open chain, any movement in each joint affects all aspects of the far end. [[8] It can be seen that Taijiquan emphasizes the stability and motivation of the roots. Today, it seems that there is a scientific basis. Similarly, the root of Taijiquan can also be intuitively grasped by many opposing factors. Various opposing factors in martial arts are external manifestations of the human body movement system in various aspects, and they are also in mutual connection. Therefore, further speculation on them will inevitably have a positive impact on the root. As we have previously pointed out, we have discussed the dynamic and static, disconnected and connected thinking, and discussed the rhythm-based control movement, so that the action shows the intermittent and continuous unity of the screen, and put forward the method of "Running force, such as spinning force. The powerful self-control capability can overcome failures, and its breakthrough is also capable of making the other party fail. It can be seen that, in some respects, the force of shoot achieves the Unity of Opposites Between rooted and rooted. For example, in the Light and Heavy, rigid and soft speculation, the buffer and power are unified, and to some extent, the rooted and rooted functions are provided. In short, in terms of personal experience, thinking and action methods are almost all helpful to root cultivation. Perhaps this is one of the reasons why Taijiquan has reached a high level of stability. It is also one of the reasons why people have discovered this phenomenon and cannot fully explain it from scientific knowledge. It is of great significance for Taiji zhesi to study root beyond the scope of stability. Perhaps, at the beginning of the study of Taijiquan, it has already included the application of mechanical principles, but from the overall perspective, the research of Taijiquan is still thinking. The speculative research illustrates the most specific facts and experiences based on the most general concepts. beyond its inclusiveness, maybe this is the reason why the scientific research and thinking research have a corresponding relationship in the research results. The background of analysis and comprehensive research is scientific knowledge, and the background of speculative research is philosophical thinking. As long as it is based on the principle of seeking truth from facts, speculative research can also produce practical results when many phenomena occur. At the beginning of human understanding, when scientific knowledge was insufficient to explain the phenomenon, speculative research often became the main research means. Even if scientific knowledge can be explained in part, speculative research can become an effective means when the whole cannot be fully explained. However, the excess of thinking is not only a supplement to scientific research, but also its dominant power. From the three levels of research on the roots of Taijiquan, the three levels of development of the root can be a useful inspiration for us to further explore the mysteries of Taijiquan. 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A Preliminary Study on the bio-mechanics principle of stretch Technique in finger pushing. beijing: Journal of Beijing Institute of Sport, 1989.4.15 [5] Wu Yu. for more information, see Shen Shou. taijiquan spectrum. beijing: People's Sports Press, 1991.54 [6] Wang zongyue. for more information, see Shen Shou. taijiquan spectrum. beijing: People's Sports Press, 1991.34 [7] Chen Changxing. for more information, see Shen Shou. taijiquan spectrum. beijing: People's sports Publishing House, 1991.250 [8] compilation group of teaching materials of the National High Education Department. sports bioinformatics. beijing: Beijing Normal University, 1985.11