Large Data application: A new engine for the construction of Ningbo's smart city

In recent years, the term "big data" has been increasingly mentioned, and it has been used to describe and define the vast amount of data generated by the age of information explosion. The world is boiling over the concept of big data, and all walks of life are exploring the opportunities and challenges of the big data age. Large data as cloud computing, after the internet IT industry is a major subversive technology revolution, and information, intelligence, digitalization and intelligent city construction closely related to grasp the background of large data, characteristics, trends, to better promote the construction of intelligent city is of great significance.

Large data and large data age

1. The connotation and characteristics of large data

Large data is also known as massive data, massive data, large information, etc., refers to the amount of data involved in a large scale, so that within a reasonable period of time by artificial interception, management, processing and collation of human can read information. These data come from all aspects, such as climate information collected by sensors, posts on websites, digital photos and videos, shopping transactions, GPS signals of mobile phones, etc. Although there is no uniform definition, these incredibly large data are called "Big Data".

Large data has four characteristics: one is large data, the starting unit of measurement of large data is at least P (1000 t), E (1 million t) or Z (1 billion t), and the other is a wide range of data types, including blog, audio, video, pictures, geographical information and so on, Therefore, the data processing capacity of the proposed higher requirements; third, the value density is relatively low, information mass but to complete the value of the data "purification" is more difficult; Four is huge data value, including commercial value, social value, scientific research value, etc.

2. The value and application of large data

The great application value brought by large data is gradually recognized and accepted, and it is having a revolutionary influence on scientific research, economic construction, social development and cultural life through the innovation and development of technology and the comprehensive perception, collection, analysis and sharing of the data. The United States has made it clear that large data has been promoted as a national strategy, and many departments and institutions in China are already studying large data and using large data.

At present, large data in the Internet, E-commerce and advisory management has been a certain exploration and application. In the Internet field, Baidu has been committed to the development of its own large data processing and storage systems, Tencent relies on a large number of information technology to achieve accurate advertising, large data precision mobile push, and help hand travel fine operation and other functions; in the field of E-commerce, Alibaba and Taobao E-commerce enterprises have large data as their core competitiveness , the use of large data to analyze the needs of people shopping, the establishment of fixed-point advertising and marketing strategies; in the field of consulting management, developed countries and many well-known enterprises have begun to use large data for market forecasts, planning, sales management.

3. Opportunities and changes in the age of large data

The advent of the big data age will bring great impact to all aspects of economic and social development, and will bring profound changes to people's productive life style.

One is the opportunity for the development of the relevant industry, according to International Data Company (IDC) forecast, by 2015 the world's largest data and related hardware, software and services market will reach 20 billion U.S. dollars, the average growth rate of more than 50%,oracle to Sun, HP's autonomy of two large-data-themed mergers and acquisitions amounted to $17.6 billion trillion, as evidenced by the industrial value of large data.

Second, the opportunity for the relevant enterprises, the application of large data on the level of enterprise management is significant, "big data" can not produce new material products, nor can create new market demand, but can make a significant increase in productivity. "For companies, the use of massive amounts of data will be the basis for future competition and growth," McKinsey said in a special study called "Big Data is the next frontier for innovation, competition and productivity." ”

The third is the opportunity for the Government, the United Nations white Paper on Big Data, released in 2012, notes that big data is a historic opportunity for the United Nations and Governments to help the Government respond to the economic and social movement in real time, and that the Obama administration has even defined big data as "the new oil of the future" and said that a country or region has the The ability to use activity and interpretation will become an integral part of the overall strength.

Large data and Intelligent city construction

In recent years, international and domestic has set off the upsurge of intelligent city construction, only our country up to now clearly put forward to create intelligent City Action plan and development strategy of more than 200 cities. Large data provide new technologies, new paths, new demands and new opportunities for intelligent city construction.

1, large data is the key technology of Intelligent city construction

The most important difference between intelligent city and Digital city concept is that the data obtained by the perceptual layer should be processed in large amount, so as to obtain the pluralistic information to support and guarantee the smooth operation of the intelligent city. A real intelligent city, to reflect the human society to the modern city and operational management of the intelligent goal, it is necessary to fully analyze and use all kinds of data.

To realize the wisdom of digital information processing, the prerequisite is to introduce large data processing technology, so as to integrate the analysis of trans-regional, cross-industry, cross-department of the processing of huge amounts of information, the application of specific messages to specific industries and specific solutions. It can be said that the application process of intelligent city is actually the process of data collection, analysis, storage and utilization, and large data is the key supporting technology that can realize "wisdom" in every field of intelligent city.

2, large data in the intelligent city has a wide range of applications

Large data in the smart city's foothold is to provide strong decision-making support for all areas of the intelligent city, large data like blood all over the intelligent transportation, intelligent medicine, intelligent life and other intelligent City application systems, so that urban management from "experience governance" to "scientific governance."

Some experts point out that "if the intelligent city is human, the big data is the brain", the application of large data can be spread over all aspects of the intelligent city. In the intelligent transportation system, through real-time excavation of traffic information, such as road, vehicle, weather and pedestrian, it can effectively relieve traffic congestion and quickly respond to sudden situation, and provide scientific decision basis for the benign operation of urban traffic. In the intelligent security system, through safe city, intelligent traffic management, environmental protection, Dangerous chemicals Transportation monitoring, food safety monitoring and other large data mining, can be found in time man-made or natural disasters, terrorist events, improve emergency handling capacity and security capacity, etc. in the intelligent urban management system, the real-time collection, real-time processing and deep excavation of the large amount of monitoring data obtained by different time periods, different regions and different departments are carried out. To realize real-time monitoring and long-term management optimization of urban management.

3, large data on intelligent city construction put forward new requirements

Large data provides new technology and means for intelligent city construction, and also puts forward new requirements for intelligent city construction.

One is to pay more attention to information sharing. The bottleneck of intelligent city construction in our country lies in the "Information Island" effect, the government departments are unwilling to disclose and share data, which results in the fragmentation of data, which can not produce the depth value and comprehensive value of the data. In the era of large data, intelligent city construction should vigorously promote the large data base platform and basic network construction, and actively promote the information resource data exchange and sharing system construction, so that large data really produce "great wisdom."

Second, we should pay more attention to information security. In the big data age, the data securitization becomes the trend, the enterprise internal operation data and the customer data become the valuable data assets, and many intelligent City application system involves the Citizen property security even the national security, the data value is very high, therefore the information security question becomes the big Data age intelligent City construction important problem.

Third, we should pay more attention to the development of large data industry. Intelligent city will inevitably produce large data operation industry rapid development, including large data collection, storage, analysis, mining and other related technologies, equipment and services, and market potential is enormous. Experts predict that in the next three years, China's smart city Big Data application market growth will be more than 100% annually. Therefore, in the process of intelligent city construction, we should attach great importance to and actively cultivate relevant industries and leading enterprises around large data operation and management.

Some suggestions on the construction of Intelligent city in Ningbo in the age of large data

As one of the initiator and practitioner of Intelligent city construction in China, Ningbo in the first place in China to build intelligent city strategic decision-making, the introduction of Smart City special planning, and in the network infrastructure, information integration and utilization, key intelligence applications, intelligent industry development has made positive progress, has won the "national Intelligent City Leading City" , "China's smart city to promote the ten cities" and other honorary titles. In the era of large data, Ningbo should fully understand the significance and value of large data, grasp the trend characteristics of large data development, speed up the development of large data and the application of intelligent city construction.

1, strengthen the study of large data

Increase the project and funding for large data-related topics, guide the establishment of a large Data Technology innovation Alliance in Yong Research institutes and related enterprises, and further strengthen the continuous tracking research on the frontier Technology and information of large data development. The introduction of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, such as well-known research institutes in Ningbo set up research institutions, the timely formation of Ningbo large Data Science Research institute, active in social demand-oriented large data science research, the establishment of a large data analysis platform, and strive to launch with independent intellectual property rights of large data analysis equipment, software and services Innovation in technology and applications.

2. Optimizing large data forming mechanism

To strengthen the active collection of data by government departments in the process of management and service, build up a large government database on the basis of constructing the basic database of population, legal person, natural resources and spatial geography, macro-economy, and the comprehensive database of information resources and professional database in the field of economic and social priority. To encourage manufacturing enterprises and commercial institutions to strengthen the data collection in the production and operation activities, and to form a database covering the processes of production and commerce. It promotes the wide application of new technologies such as wireless identification technology, sensors, wireless networks and sensor networks to improve the intelligence of data collection. Strengthen the organization and coordination of large data construction work, break down the data barrier of the region and the Department, realize the joint construction of data resources and share widely.

3. Speeding up the development of large data industry

The introduction of large data industry development and application planning outline, the planning and construction of large data industry base, the introduction of special policies, the establishment of Industrial Development Fund, Building Research and innovation platform to attract the three major telecom operators, well-known large data companies and Internet leaders to settle down. Actively cultivate local large data enterprises, and further cultivate and introduce large data professionals, leading talent, application-oriented talents, focus on the development of data acquisition, storage, integration, mining, management, integration, security, visualization, modeling and other technologies, as well as large data integration machine, new architecture computer, large data acquisition tools, large data management products, Large data analysis software and other hardware equipment and software products, and gradually build a national data storage and backup center and the national data resource gathering service area.

4, promote the application of large data popularization

We should promote the application of large data widely by promoting the commercialization of large data and promoting the application of large data. In the aspect of government affairs, it focuses on the fields of medical and health, food safety, port logistics, intelligent transportation, public security, science and Technology Service, building large data public service platform and strengthening the application of large data in Intelligent City construction application system. In commercialization, the implementation of typical application demonstration projects, support and encourage industry associations, intermediary organizations to develop in-depth processing of the industry application database, the establishment of industry applications and business services large data public service platform to provide data mining analysis and business intelligence, such as large data application services. To promote the application of large data in the production process, to encourage qualified enterprises to use large data to carry out personalized manufacturing, innovative production management model, improve the competitiveness of enterprises.

5, strengthen the large data standard management

The paper studies the relevant policies and regulations of the large data industry, puts forward the regulations and rules of data resources rights and interests, privacy protection and so on, and proposes the relevant standards of large data, and puts forward technical solutions to promote the reasonable and orderly development and utilization of data resources while protecting the data resources. In talent, taxation, science and technology finance and other aspects of the development of data-related personnel and data industry policies, and gradually establish a system conducive to the development of large data research and regulation system. Attaching importance to the construction of large data and its information security system, increase the publicity of large data information security situation, clear the key protection object of large data, strengthen the supervision of sensitive and vital data, speed up the research of the information security technology oriented to large data, cultivate the professional talents with large data security, establish and perfect the large data information security system.

(The author is the deputy director of Human Resources Research Institute of City Development Research Center, Ph. D.)

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The Big Data era, the government to lead

Xu Jihua in the People's daily newspaper said that the government departments in the data possession, undoubtedly has a natural advantage. There are specialized statistics Department, cadre Troop carries on the related work, has the census, the economic census kind of information material, in the daily work also accumulates the massive and the social economy life closely related data. Unfortunately, much of the data is still sleeping. Some government departments, or lack of a look at the depth of the vision, there is no "big data thinking", the rich information they hold in the cupboard, shelved, or the lack of courage to step up, can not get rid of the "Data Smallholder awareness", easy to secrecy and privacy. These have greatly hindered the government in the large data age to protect the public's right to know, improve their ability to serve the pace.

Large data is not only a technological change, but also a social change, which inevitably accompanies the change of public management and public service. To a large extent, large data is a technological path to the modernization of government governance, which has the effect of giving birth to the management revolution, and will bring new meteorology to the transformation of government functions and institutional reform. With the arrival of the big Data era, the government should grasp this trend of the times, collect data extensively, synthesize data, and realize the technology innovation, management innovation and mode innovation of public service, which is the inevitable choice of the big data age.