Survey of accounting standards for small enterprises

What do they expect from small Business accounting standards? —— — Survey of accounting standards of small enterprises in China Accounting Daily recently, the Ministry of Finance Accounting department issued the "< Small Business Accounting Standards > advice."　　Then, enterprises, intermediary agencies, financial departments, tax authorities and other relevant units of this standard and how to look forward to it?　　How to define small business?　　In the interview, the reporter found that the definition of small business is one of the focus of attention of all parties, especially enterprises. "Small businesses define the standard is not very clear, like our enterprises in the province is divided into small enterprises, in the city is divided into large enterprises, although our sales revenue of 100 million yuan, but we are more willing to do small enterprises."　　"Jiangsu Group Li Times Technology Co., Ltd. Financial director Shengping in the" China Accounting newspaper reporter interview, said. "I think that small enterprises defined the scope of the standard is too large, at present, more than 95% of our enterprises are small enterprises, should be the scope of the definition of the standard on the original basis of a lower number." Now the standard is divided industry, sometimes enterprises belong to which industry is difficult to divide, should be ' one-size-fits-all ', so, from the point of view of the implementation of the guidelines, it is more rigid, this is my recommendation on small business standards.　　"When it comes to the definition of small businesses," said Hong Lei, director of Jiangsu Tianhong accounting firm, told reporters. Reporters consulted the "Small Business Accounting system", which for the definition of small enterprises, including two aspects, one is not to raise funds, the second is the small scale of operation.　　And for the small size of the definition, the basic use of the original four department of the "Small and medium enterprises standard interim provisions." "If there is a clear definition, companies can use that as a standard." For example, 10 million yuan sales revenue, for some enterprises is a very large number, but for some enterprises, 10 million yuan to start, the standard is not the same. In addition, the state of the enterprise is changing every year, the assets are constantly changing, the personnel are constantly changing, which requires financial experts to better define the problem, to make a comprehensive consideration.　　"Jiangsu Province Nanjing Xuanwu District Taxation bureau chief Zhang suggested. Small Business Accounting standards should be in general coordination with the tax law departments with the most contact with small enterprises, when the tax department. Should the accounting process of small enterprises be consistent with the relevant tax laws? When reporters talk to several corporate finance chiefs, they mostly express the same view, that is, the hope that the guidelines and the tax law generally coordinated.　　These financial leaders believe that as small businesses, they may be more concerned with their own tax policies, and other policy considerations may be accompanied by "tax priority principles." "We still want small Business accounting standards to be handled in a general convergence with the tax code."　　"Nanjing Tian Jia Clothing Co., Ltd. Finance manager Tao in the relationship between the guidelines and the tax law.　　But the wishes of small businesses differ slightly from those of the tax authorities. "Accounting standards and tax laws can only be broadly consistent and cannot be identical." There can be a coordinated place, for exampleFor example, the accounting processing requirements for the cancellation of reserve provisions are consistent with the tax law. There is also a lack of coherence, for example, the tax code provides a number of items before tax deduction standards, it is not coordinated.　　"Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, the chief of the IRS Keung said that for small enterprises accounting supervision, do not have to overly consider the tax law, but it can be used as a reference." "In fact, small Business Accounting standards and tax law can not be exactly the same, but may be as close as possible to reduce the business in the accounting process unnecessary trouble."　　"Zhang said.　　"The current income tax policy is basically based on accounting standards, to accounting standards, such as in the recognition of corporate income, is basically consistent with the accounting standards." Small Business Accounting standards after the formulation, can not be merged with, I think it is also a matter to consider.　　Zhang told reporters he hoped Small Business accounting standards would not be too detached from current accounting principles. The boss wants to see easy to understand the statement enterprises need to prepare a lot of financial statements, such as balance sheet, profit statement, cash flow statement, the owner's equity changes, etc., then, small enterprises in the end is suitable for what kind of report? Reporter in the interview learned that most of the small enterprises are private enterprises, these business owners of financial professional level may not be very high, they often only pay attention to how much money, and rarely hold a financial statement to study "Accounts receivable", "Notes receivable" and other financial data. Similarly, they are not overly concerned about how beautifully the financial controller's statements are.　　They just want to see an easy to understand financial statements, through the report is very clear to see whether the profit or loss. "The cash flow statement is important, but it's too complicated to understand." The statements we give to our boss in private may not be done according to the accounting rules, because there are too many subjects for the boss to read. They just glance at the cash flow, workers wages, rent, utilities and so on. Do not distinguish between income and expenditure flow, do not care about the accuracy of accounting terminology, they only need intuitive!　　Shengping told reporters. Small business reports may be more just to the tax authorities, banks, industry and commerce departments to review the material, then, in the end which is small enterprises in the report should pay attention to it? "When banks are doing small business, they mainly pay attention to non-financial information of enterprises, that is, the quality of legal persons." In finance, it is more concerned about the cash flow of enterprises, because the cash flow is the guarantee of repayment. For the financial reporting system, our proposal is to bring in the cash flow statement.　　Shao, the head of Nanjing Bank, said in an interview with reporters. To the bank, the biggest problem is whether the statement provided by the enterprise is true, can objectively reflect the actual situation of an enterprise.　　It may not be realistic for small businesses to meet the requirements of banks to audit their financial statements, Shao says, and banks usually check small-business bank statements. "Business receipts, inventories and other information on the levy of small business value-added tax help very much, then the balance sheet is very useful."　　"Keung said. Hong Lei also suggested that the small business reporting system should not be made big changes,Because the reporting system is too complex, small businesses may not accept it. Small Business Accounting standards should be included in the training system Small Business Accounting standards after the promulgation, how to let small enterprises know this criterion? How do we get more small businesses to enforce the code? "To implement Small Business accounting standards, it needs to be integrated into the examination system!"　　Zhang his point.　　Zhang told reporters, "Small Business Accounting system" since 2005 has been implemented in Nanjing, but so far, from the control of the tax systems, few small enterprises to implement, most small enterprises still use the original accounting system of the industry. "Then I thought about why so many enterprises are implementing the accounting system of the industry and not implementing the Small Business Accounting system, because our education and training system is missing such a link, Small Business Accounting system is not integrated into our current financial training system." Although the current accounting training system has been relatively perfect, but from accounting to CPA certificate, the entire training including the examination, did not find a small Business accounting system exists. Zhang said that if the Small Business Accounting standards should be implemented well, it should be included in the training examination system.