Taking stock of the dark side of tech companies

When Facebook raised 16 billion of dollars after the Nasdaq IPO, it made it the third-largest public company in U.S. history. Let's take a look at several successful or unsuccessful technology-listed companies.

Apple

In 1975, Steve Jobs and Wozniak in jobs ' bedrooms with two people working together to create an apple-like computer, which is actually a circuit board. Now, Apple has become a company with a market capitalisation of more than 500 billion dollars and one of the world's most undisputed and most popular products. Of course, no one can foresee the rapid growth of Apple. Before Apple's IPO, officials in Massachusetts thought Apple's xx was "too dangerous". On December 12, 1980, when Mr. Jobs unveiled his technology company, Apple became the only second-Tandy company in the PC sales market. At the time of the IPO, Apple's shares were sold to the public at a price of 14 dollars per share. At the opening, the stock was priced at 22 dollars and sold out of all 4.6 million shares within minutes. On the first day of trading, Apple closed at $29 and the company valued 1.718 billion dollars at that time. The company, which earns less than 100 million dollars in its sales, now has 8 hours to sell the digital product at its retail outlets. Apple's shares, however, have been raised for the largest amount since the 1956 Ford IPO, which produced about 300 millionaires-more than any other company in history. Jobs owns 7.5 million shares, worth 217 million of dollars. "When I was 23 years old, I was worth more than $1 million, and 24 was worth more than 10 million dollars at the age of 25, and it was worth more than 100 million," he said. None of this matters, I've never done this for money. "After initial excitement, its share price fell for nearly 20 years, until the return of jobs, dismissed by the board in 90, ended. His near-perfect pursuit of handheld devices-especially Mac,iphone and ipad-has brought Apple's business and product prices as high as it has, breaking the old pattern of Microsoft and its rivals.

Google

When Google's IPO in August 2004 coincided with the bursting of the company's bubble, angel investors were not interested in tech stocks. Their company IPOs in a somewhat strange way. Google did not use the traditional way to get the guarantor to underwrite the shares to interested institutions, but rather to bid on the "Dutch" auction – who wanted the shares. In this way, the lowest price for all winning bids is the underwriting price, even if there is a high level of bids. This approach ensures that the initial stock price is determined by responding to market demand. Google's initial share price range was between $108 trillion ~135 dollars per share, then dropped to 85 U.S. dollars, opening 100 U.S. dollars, close 100.34 dollars. Google raised 1.67 billion of dollars, and some smart Google employees bought shares at 30 cents per share at Google or private sector. Founder Larry and Brin have made more than 40 million dollars in equities and are now holding a 16% per cent stake. In 2004 the company's shares traded at 19 times times the price, trading volume increased by 100pc. Google closed its 194-dollar price in 2004, giving IPO investors a lucrative return. The technology giant's earnings have been growing at a rapid pace, up from the IPO to the end of 2005, until 2007 with a slow growth rate.

Ebay

September 24, 1998, the first day of ebay, the online market, its share price doubled nearly 3 times times-reached the height of the Kangda bubble. ebay's shares rose 163.2 points and closed at $47.375, 29.375 dollars higher than the target price of $18, opening 53.5 dollars. Ebay has issued 3.5 million shares, raised 63 million of billions of dollars, and maintained a market of about $1.9 billion trillion in value. In the first 6 months of 1998, ebay reported a profit of $348000 and operating income of $14.9 million.

IBM

IBM was listed in 1916 as a witness to the decline and fall of technology companies. IBM, a computing table-record company, renamed the International Commercial Machinery Company after 8 years on the NYSE, leading a period of rapid growth-the same technology company that Apple did in the early 20th century. In 1927-1929, in the early days of the Wall Street depression, IBM's market capitalisation rose from $54 per share to the peak of $216 per share, due to the demand for time cards and accounting machines. Then, in the financial crisis, IBM fell, and at the end of 1932, IBM's share price dropped to a 9.125 dollar low. A subsequent president, Thomasworthen, said IBM would spend the hard times in its own way, spending 1 billion of dollars on research and development, even if it meant that its warehouses would store a lot of computers, but that time IBM kept growing at a high rate. This is a high-risk strategy, but this approach effectively helps IBM's stocks grow steadily to the beginning of 80. IBM is extracting cash through a series of stock splits, such as a 1924 surge to 3460 shares, worth more than 500,000 dollars and a year-end dividend of nearly 9000 dollars.

Microsoft

Microsoft was set to release 2.5 million shares in March 1986, but investors were asking for more shares, so they released 3 million shares at the last minute. "I have never received so much phone calls about a new public company until last month at Microsoft," he said. "says Rohn Mccollem, a stockbroker at Seattle's Pannweber company. The stock opened 21 dollars per share, but soon close to the first day of the closing price of 27.75 U.S. dollars. There is no doubt that Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and Allen immediately became millionaires-Allen told the Seattle Mail that although he would buy some champagne, the wealth would not change his life. The equity owners cheered on that day, because the company's shares were diluted 9 times times, and they made an unexpected windfall every few years, which lasted until 2003 years. At the end of 90, Microsoft's shares continued to grow at an unspecified rate. However, the price of Microsoft shares rose to the end of the early 21st century. After nearly 20 years of sustained high-speed growth, Apple has replaced its position, with Microsoft from 58.38 dollars a share to almost half the price of 1999, and its share prices have continued to slump since then.

Yahoo!

Yahoo is the most notable example of a technology army that has risen and fallen after all the listings. Yahoo's IPO began in 1996 with a target price of 13 dollars, but on that crazy day it opened at $24.50 and closed at $33-making Yahoo's market value at $84.8 million trillion. At that time, Yahoo became the second-largest company on Nasdaq's first day (after security computing, another internet company), Jerry Yang and Filo, the two Stanford graduates who created the company, each with 16.5 million dollars. Many of the early investors in search companies were private investors, not traditional institutional investors, eager to cash in, so they were attracted to Yahoo. Some commentators have given Yahoo a "stunning" title to a company that faces "rivals with almost homogeneous products". They are skeptical that Yahoo has lost $634000 trillion in operating income of $1.4 million trillion. It turns out that the critics were right. In the late 90, Yahoo, the darling of the dotcom bubble, escaped a great Depression, and in 2008 Yahoo turned a high-profile rejection of Microsoft's $31 per share takeover, and they thought they could do better. Later on, contrary to what they were thinking, Yahoo's market capitalisation, like other tech companies he grew up with, continued to depreciate – with the exception of a more intelligent company. After Microsoft's offer, Yahoo's market capitalisation has halved.

Amazon

1997, when Amazon launched its shares three years after the dotcom boom, it went public, making its founder, Jeff Bezos, the second-largest millionaire in the United States under the age of 40. Prior to the IPO, Pioneer invested twice times its target price, initially at $12-14, but became 18 dollars per share the night before the listing. Its first day of trading was over 54 million dollars, and the stock index soared 30pc--that the company had never been profitable and had not been profitable for the next 6 years. There is no doubt that analysts are divided. "20 times times P/E is a big market value. Ragen Mackenzie of Seattle said. "People have to contend with competitive barnes&noble and borders. "Those fears seem unfounded at the moment. Amazon has lost as much as other companies because it has invested heavily in its web site, but it has made the number of Web visitors from 2200 to 50000 a day in December 1995, to 282000000 in the last June-more than one-fifth of Internet users. Its stock price also follows a trajectory similar to that of other companies, as it expands different retail markets and invests in hardware production, releasing the Kindle's E-reader, the Kindle Fire tablet computer.