The United States large data dimensional stability mirror

Large data is a new hotspot of information technology, and its development and application can help to optimize public service mode, improve social security and emergency ability. As a pioneer in the global data field, the United States has already practiced and achieved remarkable results in promoting social governance and maintaining social harmony and stability by means of large data. Taking it as the benchmark and analyzing its typical practice, it is helpful for our country to learn from the advanced experience and do a better job in stability.

Six typical applications of the field

The maintenance of social harmony and stability, including a number of aspects of the content, not only to maintain national security and social security, but also to resolve contradictions and disputes and fight crime, but also through the strengthening of public opinion to ensure and improve people's livelihood, crime prevention and other work to create a stable atmosphere. In many respects, the United States and its local governments have implemented typical applications with large data.

First, to increase counter-terrorism capacity with large data. After the "911" incident, the United States government in the reflection found that a number of security departments between the coordination is not in place, not timely sharing of information resources, although it has mastered a lot of clues but failed to prevent the occurrence of a terrorist event is one of the important reasons. By setting up large data platforms such as "Prism" and using large data technology and analytical means, the National Security Department of USA can analyze multiple source data more efficiently and reveal the interaction between different behaviors, and then can use analytic algorithm to predict the action trend of dangerous molecule. This provides an unprecedented possibility for the security sector to prevent the threat of national interests such as terrorism. "Prism" after the exposure of the United States government departments repeatedly stressed the rationality of its existence, although to a considerable extent, in order to conceal their own misconduct, but its said to detect and prevent the results of a number of terrorist incidents, it is not groundless.

Secondly, to maintain social security with large data. In addition to the Government's counter-terrorism work, the public service agencies and enterprises to improve security vigilance and prevention capacity, but also to ensure national and social security critical work. NSA and Traffic Safety bureau based on data mining technology, the computer-aided passenger screening system is developed, which provides an application interface for various airports in the United States. The system will give passengers the name of the ticket, the contact address, telephone number, date of birth, etc. are entered into the commercial database, and the commercial database transmits the digital value of the hidden special danger level to the Traffic Safety Bureau accordingly: the passengers of the green score will receive the normal screening, and the passengers of the yellow score will receive the extra screening, Passengers with red scores will be barred from boarding and may be subject to mandatory legal care.

Third, to large data crime prevention cases occur. The prevention of crime, especially the occurrence of large-scale violent crime, is an important part of the stability work. By means of large data, we can improve the level of "needle in a haystack" from various kinds of intelligence, and make crime prediction by extracting the space-time regularity and relevance of people's behavior. For example, the California State Santacruz City uses the crime prediction system to forecast key areas, important periods of potential crime, and to arrange patrol patrols. Of the predicted crimes, two-thirds really happened. A year after the system was put into use, burglaries in the city decreased by 11%, car thefts by 8%, and catch rates up 56%.

Four, with large data to improve disaster prevention capacity. To check all kinds of hidden dangers and strengthen the prevention and control of disasters is an important part of the comprehensive stability work, and to curb the occurrence of fire accidents is a key point. Taking New York, for example, there are about 1 million buildings in the city, and almost 3000 of them are damaged by fire every year. Because of the complex city conditions, firefighters often difficult to rush to the scene the first time, the prevention of fire has become the most important to reduce losses. To this end, the New York Fire Department based on data collection has divided 60 possible fire risk factors, including the regional residents average income, building age, whether there is electrical performance problems. Through these factors data and related algorithm, New York Fire Department has labeled the building all the risk index, and accordingly has determined the fire prevention inspection priority and the key point, thus has targeted strengthens the safety investigation.

Its five, with large data to promote the detection of criminal cases. In this regard, the successful detection of the Boston serial bombings is a well-known case. April 15, 2013, Boston, United States in the course of the marathon in the process of a continuous bomb bombing, killing 3 people, 183 injured. After the case, the police not only visited residents of 12 blocks near the site, collected all kinds of private videos and photos, but also collected information on the internet, including photos and videos appearing on social networking sites, and made requests to the public to collect relevant information. Through the comparison of various aspects of the data, search, the police intercepted the photos of the suspect from the video and issued a warrant for the eventual pursuit of the offender to provide conclusive evidence and reliable reference.

Its six, with large data to strengthen the supervision of government personnel. In response to the illegal driving of police cars, Virginia State the government through the Freedom of Information Act to obtain the record of the millions police car through the toll station, and combined with the distance between two toll stations, driving time, location, the driver's address and other detailed data analysis, in 13 months, found 5100 police car speeding behavior. Accordingly, Virginia State Police Department carried out a big reorganization, correct the behavior of police officers and police car use norms, effectively eliminate the social questioning.

(Responsible editor: Mengyishan)