How to deal with the financial crisis calmly in the Swedish labor market model

--an interview with the Minister of State of the Ministry of Labor of Sweden Sonnegod in many developing countries, the average monthly wage of 24,600 CZK per person per month (about 23,100) is an astronomical figure. For years, the Swedish development model, characterized by "high wages, high welfare and high tax policies", has been a delight to some economists. In the face of the global financial crisis, however, Sweden has also suffered a very small blow. How does the Swedish labor market model deal with the financial crisis?　　On this issue, this reporter recently to visit the Swedish Ministry of Labor of the Secretary of State, Ms. Sonnegod interviewed. The government speaks for outsiders in the labour market. "The Swedish labour market is based on this model: the government does not intervene by stable, independent institutions to determine working conditions and remuneration for the employed," said the woman's state secretary, who spoke in a clear and slow language. "We have unions to represent employees, Employers ' federations represent employers, each of whom meets every years to negotiate problems arising in almost all labour markets, such as working conditions and wages for workers. "Although the government is not specifically involved in this process, there are basic regulations on a range of issues such as ' working environment ' or ' dismissal '," Ms. Matsumoto said. In Sweden, although 80% to 90% of employees have joined the union, only half of them have joined the employers ' union. The Government's task is to work on the part of those who have not yet joined the union, the companies that have not yet joined the employers ' union, the unemployed and those who have not entered the labour market, to make their voices heard and put them back in the labour market. The government represents those who are not part of the labour market and the government speaks for these disadvantaged groups. "The Swedish model is internationally referred to as a model in which employers and employees in Sweden have focused on the issue of wage and labour conditions and the government's combination of labour market policies to promote a stable labour market." Sonnegod said: "This model has a history of more than more than 100 years, the development has been more mature today." Its main characteristics are: stability, transparency, all sides of the community can maintain confidence, understand each other's role, clearly what each other intends to do. "Through tax cuts and relief payments to push labor supply in the 90 's, Sweden had a serious financial crisis. "The Swedish government has learned from the crisis that once people leave the labour market and are not actively looking for new jobs, they will always be lost from the market." "About 500,000 people were laid off in Sweden at the time, which is a significant number for Sweden, and nearly 200,000 of them have never been able to return to the market," Ms. Matsumoto said.　　"So, in the current financial crisis, Sweden has learned to try to ensure that people do not lose from the labor market, the Swedish government resorted to the" axes "reform measures. The first is to increase the supply of labor. Swedish Embassy in China responsible for labor market affairsCounsellor Ouyangbo said that although Sweden has a high average wage, taxes are also fairly high, with about 30% to 50% of the income being taxed. Therefore, "income tax reduction" becomes an important measure. "We have 20% more money left in the workers ' purse, so people can spend more."　　"Ms. Matsumoto said. In addition to tax cuts, the Swedish government has reformed its "unemployment assistance". According to data from the Swedish Ministry of Labor, a person's unemployment benefit is based on the basis of the 12-month salary before his job loss, and those who earn less than SEK 18,700 can get 80% of their salary before the first 200 days of unemployment. The upper limit is 680 CZK per person per day, calculated on 22 working days per month. In other words, for those who were previously paid more, they could not get 80% of their salary. Unemployment benefits of 70% of the previous salary will be available within 100 days of the 200-day period. With the passage of time, there will be less and fewer bailout money.　　Ouyangbo said that this is to encourage people to act as far as possible and actively go out to find work.　　The "second axe" of the Swedish Ministry of Labour in response to the financial crisis is "increasing demand for labour, making it easier and cheaper for companies to hire people", using short-term hiring and changing perceptions to increase labour demand.　　To increase demand, the Swedish government first shifted the idea of "to hire as long as possible", adding flexibility and significantly increasing the likelihood of a "24-month short-term contract". Secondly, the Government has not only abolished the high "social contribution tax" originally levied on employers, but also if an employer has employed a person who has been away from the labour market for more than 1 years (including the unemployed, the sick, the recipients of social assistance, etc.), the employer may receive a partial subsidy from the government　　So employers end up paying half the cost of their original salary. In addition, the development of domestic service industry is well worth mentioning. "In the past, if I had hired someone to clean my house, I would have been criticized by the media," Ms. Sonnegod said in her own case. Now, in order to increase employment, the government decided to promote the development of domestic service industry. This is to make people understand that those with relatively low education need this kind of work, and that it is a good thing to hire them to work at home in order to provide them with job opportunities. In addition to helping people change their minds, the government subsidizes domestic services. Today, I can hire people to clean the house without worrying. "To provide passive support more proactive" only increase the supply of labor and demand is not enough, but also to increase the match between the two, so that the right people in the right position, so we improve the public employment services. "We have the information from the employers and the job-seekers collected from all over the country, making it easier for job seekers to find jobs and making it easier for employers to find the right workers," said Matsumoto. "Overall, the Swedish labour market policy focuses on two aspects: one is to provide temporary income support when people lose their jobs, which is actually passive; more importantly, active behavior isIn the crisis to fully mobilize people's enthusiasm, so that they do not spend all day frustrated and lazy, do nothing to stay at home, but to let the 400,000 of people who do not work out of the house to help them to find work and find work, so as to avoid social disconnect.　　To this end, the Swedish Ministry of Labour has strengthened vocational education and training for the workforce, increased infrastructure inputs, subsidized industries with relatively low incomes, such as maintenance, maintenance and domestic services, and provided direct financial support to local governments to help people return to the labour market. The government axes or increased employment Party according to the latest data from the Swedish Ministry of Labour, the unemployment rate in Sweden in February 2009 was 9.3%.　　While this number sounds high, the Swedish labour Market Assessment Institute believes that the Swedish Government's measures are likely to Party domestic unemployment, and that the financial crisis could have a greater impact on Sweden if these measures are not taken. According to the report made by the People's University during his visit to China, the unemployment rate in Sweden in the 80 's was only 2% to 5%, and the unemployment rate soared to more than 10% in the 90, as a result of the financial crisis at the time;　　Before the 2008 financial crisis, Sweden's unemployment rate was around 6% per cent, expected to peak at 9% to 10% in 2010 or 2011, followed by a toppy and a 6% return to 2014. BEIJING, March 27 (Xinhua)