To understand how the Linux kernel works, you have to know a little bit about the basics of hardware. Here we introduce the functions of several registers in the core components of the Intel 80x86 Series CPU protection mode, which play a vital role in the Linux kernel runtime. As for the other types of hardware, we introduce the device drivers to specific drivers. First, let's look at the main CPU architecture:
The European Union (universal registers, operators, and controllers) performs the p
flags, the X86 architecture also has a write bit to provide page write protection-when this bit is zero, the corresponding page is read-only; when this bit is "1", the corresponding page can be read and written. If the write bit of a page is zero, a thread tries to write to it, which will cause memory management exceptions. Access to the fault handling program of the Memory Manager will be detailed in the following section) you must determine whether this thread can perform write operations on
window, click Build, and select Register for COMinterop.If you do not want to share the generated dll, put it in the GAC assembly. this completes the work. click build and an ArwenAddCom. dll file. this file is the com component we need. in addition, the ArwenAddCom file is displayed. tlb, which should be normal. if you do not have this tlb file, you can use some commands to call the dll file to generate i
necessarily, small page because of addressing, transmission fast, local improvement, the total IO will be reduced, then, should use small pages.
4) However, large pages can reduce the number of page faults
......
Spacek, now you tell me whether to use large pages or small pages.
3. TLB Range
TLB can improve memory access speed, if there is no TLB, then each fet
the addresses of programs and data that are compiled to run in virtual memory to the actual physical addresses where the programs are stored in physical main memory. this translation process allows programs to run with the same virtual addresses while beingHeld in different locations in physical memory. -- MMU is used as a converter. The program can run in the same virtual memory, and each program is stored in different physical memory.
We begin with a review of the protection features of an MP
A solution that an ADO application cannot run on another operating systemMy machine is WIN7 system, in WIN7 under the development of MFC ADO application to SERVER2008 can not run.The solution is as follows:1. Download the following file first32-bit WIN7 system: msado60_backcompat_i386.tlb64-bit WIN7 system (Intel platform): Msado60_backcompat_i386.tlb and Msado60_backcompat_x64.tlb64-bit WIN7 system (AMD platform): Msado60_backcompat_i386.
. Because the frame size is fixed, a single allocation is an integer multiple of one frame.A process consists of several pages, one frame for each page. Therefore, the content of the process does not have to be contiguous, and each process corresponds to a page table. The OS also holds a copy of each process page table.Frame table: Includes all frames and whether they are idle or occupied.The Start Page table is placed in the PCB register because it is fast. However, as the page table becomes la
I. qemu physical memory Registration
Cpu_register_physical_memory calls cpu_policy_set_memory
Cpu_policy_set_memory call kvm_client_set_memory
Kvm_client_set_memory call kvm_set_phys_mem
Kvm_set_phys_mem call kvm_set_user_memory_region
Kvm_set_user_memory_region calls kvm_vm_ioctl to enter the kernel
The kernel calls kvm_vm_ioctl_set_memory_region and calls the _ kvm_set_memory_region function.
The following code is available in the _ kvm_set_memory_region function:
738 ____ slots-> memslots [me
. If a = 0 in the page table, indicates that the pages in the memory have not been accessed. The paging unit never resets this flag, but must be done by the operating system.6) Dirty D: used only for page table items. This flag is set every time you write a page box.7) Available domain AVL: three places in the domain for system software designers. Information related to page usage can be stored in this domain to help analysis determine which pages should be removed from memory.8) PWT and PCD: co
strategy, the mechanism should be provided by the kernel framework. In addition, you can see in the do_fork has a CLONE_VM logo, the kernel thread and address space is not, in fact, is not, set that logo is for efficiency, read the code to know that Linux in the switching task_struct, Share VMS without switching CR3 registers (on x86, of course), and kernel threads because there is no mm_struct, so in order to use this efficient strategy, it uses a active_mm field, is essentially borrowed from
page tablePage Size: Applies only to page catalog items. Set to 1, the page catalog entry points to 2M or 4 m of memory. (Hugepage)Global flag: Applies only to page table entries to prevent common pages (global pages) from being flushed out of the TLB. (This flag is valid when the CR4 Register PGE (page global enabled) flag is placed)For 2M pages, pass kernel parameters at startuphugepages=1024For 1GB pages:DEFAULT_HUGEPAGESZ=1G hugepagesz=1g hugepag
discuss Hugepages, such as hugetlb and hugetlbfs
The data structure model of the virtual memory system on the operating system. It is used to store the correspondence between virtual addresses and physical addresses.
When we access the memory, we first access "page table", and then Linux accesses the real physical memory ram + swap through "page table" mapping)
TLB: A Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)
architectures, mapping relationships are typically stored in physical memory where a page table is called.Such as:The interaction between physical memory
From this diagram, you can clearly see the interaction between the CPU and the page table, the physical memory.
further optimization, the introduction of TLB (translation lookaside buffer, page table register buffer) is indicated in the previous section that the page table is stored in memory. We kn
Article title: IA-64Linux storage management. Linux is a technology channel of the IT lab in China. Includes basic categories such as desktop applications, Linux system management, kernel research, embedded systems, and open source.
The Android processor using the explicit parallel command computing (EPIC) structure is Intel's next-generation 64-bit processor. many large companies, such as HP, SGI, and Intel, have launched high-performance Android server systems. Linux is currently one of the ma
encapsulation classes generated by the Microsoft. NET environment ). The com encapsulation class that can be called is actually a proxy of the Assembly in the hosting environment. It is generated by the metadata contained in the Assembly. The original data is mainly used to describe Assembly data such as class declaration, method, and version information (similar to the TLB file of COM ). Therefore, we can use encapsulated classes to easily call the
64-bit multi-core MIPS exception and interrupt kernel code analysis (3)
Analysis of RMI xlr732tlb related processing functions
0. Background
The virtual address space in mips64 is divided:
The kernel space is xkphys and xkseg, and xkphys are fixed mappings without TLB (unmapped)
The user space is xuseg.
1. Rmi xlr732 TLB refill handler Analysis
@ 0 xFFFF FFFF 8000 0000C: 07610005 bgez K1, 24 10: 3c1
Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is a buffer (or cache) in a CPU that contains parts of the page table. This is a fixed size buffer being used to do virtual address translation faster.A fixed cache in the CPU contains some page table ing relationships for fast conversion from virtual addresses to physical addresses.Hugetlb:This is an entry in the TLB that points to a HugePage (a large/big page larger than regular 4
divided into 4KB-sized page frames, which requires a 48-12 = 36-bit physical address high to determine the page frame position. In order to reduce the physical memory required to store the page table, memory access can be achieved by adding two pages of the directory layer to distribute the page table. In Linux, this is achieved using a 4-layer paging approach.Figure 6 Paging in 64-bit LinuxThe process of converting a bit physical address from a 64-bit linear address (only 48 bits as an address
(tang 18-Jan-00): printf ("222222
");
1.4 (tang 18-Jan-00): printf ("333333
");
1.1 (tang 18-Jan-00 ):}
Use the following command to generate a branch version relative to a specified master version:
Cvs rtag? B? R rev_root rev_branch file_name
The parameter meanings are as follows:
-B: generate a branch version.
-R: Specifies the trunk node version number of the branch.
Rev_root trunk version
Rev_branch branch version
File_name: Specifies the file. "." indicates al
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