Excellent papers educational technology and modern education

Educational technology and modern education

In the rapid development of contemporary society, international "knowledge explosion" and "population explosion" have become grim reality. In the face of this reality, the education industry is under great pressure, and educators have to think about and take actions to meet this challenge. In the ever-growing combination of educational reform ideas and ongoing educational reform practices, China's educational technology has developed considerably: it is a special idea for incorporating technical means into educational methods, it plays the role of promoting the marriage of modern technology and education. It will undoubtedly play a powerful role in promoting the reform of Modern Education in China as it enriches and expands pedagogy. Even if we look at the history of Educational Technology, even if we look at its early status as the late 19th century as an aid education with magic lights, our "E-Learning", which was born in the one hundred s of this century, is included in the history of educational technology. Compared with pedagogy, especially China's long history of Educational civilization, the age of educational technology is too small. However, this does not mean that educational technology is insignificant to the modern education reform process in China. On the contrary, educational technology is the inevitable result of the progress of modern science and technology and is born in response to the requirements of the times, taking advantage of the trend of the times, it will become an important force in China's modern education reform (1 ). In recent years, the development of global education technical disciplines has seen an endless stream of ideas updated, for example, the academic debate in China's educational technology field on the concept of electronic education and educational technology, the development of educational engineering in Japan, and the new definition of Educational Technology launched by the United States in 1994, it can be seen as a manifestation of the youthful agitation of educational technology.
However, as a whole, in our country's huge educational system, especially outside the educational technology circle, whether it is educational managers, educational scholars, or educational practitioners, there is still a lack of understanding of educational technology. To some extent, this situation restricts the pace of modern education reform in China. Subjectively, there are two reasons for this situation: one is that the educational technology industry is limited in strength and cannot organize more propaganda, the lack of a better understanding of Educational Technology in the education sector and society as a whole; the second is that educational management departments and academic circles do not pay enough attention to new education technologies, cannot accurately and actively handle the organic relationship between pedagogy and educational technology; cannot clearly understand the fundamental characteristics of educational technology, not just the internal affairs of educational technology; we cannot direct or direct the education sector to carry out educational reform practices with educational technology participation at an appropriate height, and thus cannot lead Educational Technology to organically integrate into the tide of educational reform, the direct result is that the pace of education reform is lagging to some extent. Although this situation has improved recently, for example, several functional departments of the State Education Commission have successively organized National Educational Technology Seminars and practices. However, as a member of the educational technology field, I still feel the responsibility to make my opinion on Educational Technology public. As a member of the education sector, I have the responsibility to call my colleagues to pay more attention to the research on educational technology theories and practices, it is used to promote the progress and prosperity of modern education in China.

I. Educational Technology and Pedagogy
Educational technology is derived from and dependent on pedagogy. Pedagogy is an old discipline with a long tradition, a sound theoretical structure, relatively stable, and well-understood by society, educational technology is a young new discipline that is constantly evolving and changing and is unknown to most people. pedagogy has its own huge theoretical system, compatible with the integrity and comprehensiveness of the essence of philosophy, psychology, sociology, and management, educational technology is a branch with more specific content and more targeted under the coverage of pedagogy. pedagogy is a single discipline that has been developed for thousands of years and has a clearer domain boundaries, educational technology is a cross-disciplinary discipline born from the needs of educational development, both educational science and technical science. By the way, it is interesting that educational technology belongs to pedagogy in terms of subject division, that is, it enters the field of humanistic science. However, undergraduate Students of Education and Technology in China's major Normal Colleges clearly belong to science students.
Educational Technology and pedagogy are directly and organically linked. Educational technology is a new discipline born on the mother of pedagogy for the purpose of promoting educational reform and educational progress. Educational technology is the product of contact between education and technology. Without such contact, there will be no educational technology. Cognitive Psychology, behavioral psychology, and social psychology serve as the theoretical guidance of modern pedagogy. Of course, they are also the theoretical guidance of educational technology. The Development of Educational Technology is guided by the basic theory of education. It is impossible to find a new method of educational technology. The main idea of educational technology is to carry out practical and theoretical research on the application of new media, explore how to organically and reasonably introduce new education media to large education.
In recent years, the more representative progress in the education technology field is the new definition of Educational Technology launched by aect (American Association of Educational Communication and Technology) in 1994. It said: "educational technology is the theory and practice of designing, developing, utilizing, managing and evaluating learning processes and learning resources" (2 ). On the basis of learning from others and paying full attention to Chinese characteristics, our educational technology community has become more and more rational and clear (3 ). This shows that educational technology is no longer simply about the use of the media. It is based on the basic theories and methods of pedagogy and integrates the media, information, environment, and other factors into teaching resources, knowledge that is considered together with the teaching process. In terms of design, utilization, management, and evaluation, it is the same as that of pedagogy. The only exception to educational technology is the special concern for the application of Media Technology in education.
Because of its obvious content about "technology", educational technology often stays on the level of "mechanical. Objectively speaking, mechanical colors do not exist in the history of the development of educational technology, but these colors have been left far behind in the constant progress of educational technology. Together with pedagogy, educational technology realizes the fusion of racism and humanistic in the education view, and pursues the unification of racism and humanistic in the research method, returning big education with a "human touch" attitude (4 ).
The coincidence between educational technology and pedagogy does not mean that it is impossible for educational technology to replace pedagogy. The coincidence between educational technology and pedagogy indicates that pedagogy is the permanent foundation and an inexhaustible source of thought for educational technology. In the early stage of the reform of educational technology, the lower-level form that attaches importance to the media or the process, consciously absorbing the essence of the educational methodology, and increasing it to an advanced form that focuses on optimization. In essence, it is to integrate the educational methodology into itself, along with the development of the educational media, we will study its methods to make the introduction of educational technology more convincing and easy for people to accept.

Ii. Educational Technology and Information Technology
Educational technology, especially today's Educational Technology, is becoming more and more clear, and is naturally rooted in the traces of the information age. Therefore, it is not only a subject practice under the coverage of pedagogy, but also a technical practice under the influence of information technology.
When it comes to information technology, our first reflection is the so-called "information highway ". Information Highway is indeed a typical representative of modern information technology. Although there is still a certain distance between China's information highway construction and western developed countries, it is undoubtedly a good start. Among them, the construction of "National Education and Scientific Research Information Network" is a major event in the education sector. It has become an important symbol for China to gradually realize the modernization of Educational Science and Technology Information Exchange (5 ). However, in the information age, the flow of information in society is diverse and unprecedented. For example, the media industry believes that the dominant mass media in society is still newspapers, radio and television (6 ). Although in some developed countries, computer networks have become one of the main channels for people to obtain or exchange information, it is still important to ignore the important roles played by newspapers, radio and television in information dissemination. Because of psychological, economic, or other reasons, traditional information media will not suddenly leave the stage of history overnight. In fact, many traditional media are likely to accompany the whole process of our human history. The print media, broadcast, television, and other small media types represented by newspapers are actively adapting to the communication requirements of new social conditions, many effective efforts have been made. It can be said that, whether today or in a foreseeable future, coexistence of multiple media is an inevitable rule and trend.
Specifically, the educational media community that it cares about and prepares to introduce to education must be diversified. According to the current division of Educational technical experts in China, the possible types of educational media are from the chalk blackboard, word of mouth to the Educational Media characterized by "electrification, then we will go to computer-based computer-aided education at all levels, including multimedia computer-assisted education based on a single computer and LAN, and computer-assisted education based on "information expressway. In terms of scope, it is the same as social information transmission channels. The difference lies only in their respective focuses. This is natural: Any channel for transmitting social information may become a channel for transmitting educational information, which may be used by education; education Communication, after all, is a more restrictive communication that is different from general social communication, which determines that its emphasis on media usage is different from general social communication. In fact, the nature of education also determines its possession of information sources and information channels, and its permanent demand for richer and more convenient information sources and information channels.
Educational technology not only studies advanced media such as "information highway", but also focuses more on traditional
Media Development and application research and practice. It is more respectful of the differences caused by different regions, different economic conditions, and different levels of psychological adaptation. It focuses on the distribution and use of all possible teaching media based on respect for the autonomy and initiative of learners and the creativity of teachers. Its attitude is objective and positive. Its first goal is to introduce the teaching media to all educational practitioners with minimum resistance and maximum efficiency. Its ultimate goal is to promote the modernization reform of education.

3. Accept and invest in educational technology
The so-called "Dell experience" is a general description of the channels for people to gain knowledge and ability. It divides people's learning experience into three levels: the level of practice, the level of observation, and the level of abstract experience. The preceding three layers are divided based on the information transmission mode. They can also be divided into three layers: object Information body, machine information body, and Symbol Information body (7 ). Obviously, the first-level experience of the two classification methods needs to be obtained from practice or specific observation of objective things. However, the acquisition of information in the above two layers, whether observed experience or abstract experience, can be obtained from the machine information body, the machine information body can not only transmit the image symbol information, but also the language symbol information. The machine information body can quickly, conveniently, economically, and accurately transmit the required information to you. In fact, the type of information that the machine information body may transmit may also increase. One day, it will send a large volume of tactile, taste, sports awareness, and so on. Based on the research results of cognitive psychology, with the continuous advancement of technology, it will increasingly provide cross-information, multi-stimulus, appropriate redundancy, and other conditions to improve the learning efficiency of learners. Today's popular multimedia computer-aided education is one of the representatives of multiple sensory cross-stimulus. Undoubtedly, the promotion of educational technologies has extremely important values for improving learning efficiency and promoting educational reform, and is indispensable and irreplaceable.
Educational technology is more conducive to giving full play to the individuality and subjective initiative of learners. It is the technical basis for the integration of behavioral and humanistic education thoughts. It is efficient, convenient, and easy to control, so that the environment provided by it will be more suitable for the transformation from Class Teaching to individual teaching; it is easier to achieve collaborative and modular creative teaching and teaching content. It is more conducive to diversified and enriched teaching methods for the whole society and individuals. Undoubtedly, it will be a key factor for revolutionary progress in education reform. The addition of modern education reform brings new problems and new phenomena to educational practices. The Research on these new problems and phenomena is far from enough in the Field of Education Technology. Moreover, as a new discipline in China, educational technology is far from enough, there is not enough time to train enough professionals. New technologies bring about new problems that should also be paid attention to by the educational circles. It is a matter of course and necessary to arouse the attention of educational experts. This is what this article emphasizes: educational technology is not only a thing in the field of educational technology, but a thing that is shared by all educational managers, educational scientists, and educational practitioners.
However, the actual situation is that the education sector is still in the naive stage of accepting education technologies extensively and consciously. Although some people in the Chinese education sector, especially in the educational theoretical circles and educational management circles, have already understood it and have begun to Promote the Development of Educational Technology. people of insight in the Chinese educational practice field, I have been enlightened and started a preliminary attempt. However, these are far from enough. The organic and benign development of educational technology plays an important role in the modernization of education in China and has not been fully understood by all colleagues in the education field, many people still look at educational technology from the ground up, or still regard it as a skill. This obviously has nothing to do with their ideology's general inertia for new things; it has nothing to do with the ideological style of advocating abstract thinking and ignoring practice formed by China for thousands of years; it is irrelevant to the lack of understanding of the technical science and the resulting mystery. It is time for everyone to be vigilant and have to be vigilant.
The reason why the education sector needs to accept educational technology more objectively is that there is a big gap, except for educational managers
There is another reason why the work in the technical world is still insufficient, that is, people's psychological inertia and slow adaptation to new things. Today, no teacher will think that the use of the chalk blackboard in the classroom teaching is a strange thing, it is a beast of the flood; even any teacher standing on the podium is so comfortable with the textbooks, course preparation books, chalk, and blackboard in front of him that this old set will not bring him any psychological burden. In this case, it is difficult for him to take effective actions on his own initiative for any other attempt. This is also a common mentality.

However, a large-scale update of this concept is imminent. As long as we are not simply and absolutely left to be left empty, it is time to take positive actions. With the progress of our society and the efforts of all our colleagues in the education field, we will soon see a day when the conventional and popular media devices will be the same as the existing chalk blackboard, it is owned by anyone who needs it. Continuous Technological advances will bring about constant changes, and even every teacher will be so adapted to constant media advances and constant media changes: Suppose there are not many changes in a certain period of time, instead, he will be lost. Today, people choose cars, middle distance trains, long distance flights, and planes for close distance travel. When you comfortably enjoy the convenience of transportation, you certainly will not regret the hardships of the long journey. By that time, in the face of a variety of educational media that can meet various needs, any educator who makes a handy choice will consciously become a practitioner of educational technology. When diverse ways of education or learning are available to people, every educator or learner is willing to make these choices, will education technology be ignored and valued? Let's ask another question: Are you sure you want to understand and accept educational technology at that time? When are you going to "trudge" only with chalk and blackboard?

Iv. Post-development features of the education system
The unique understanding and mastery of technology in educational technology cannot be replaced by other disciplines of pedagogy. In this sense, education technology is a pioneer in the development of new technologies and the new age.
However, we know that the use of general media in the education sector requires a stage of development and exploratory use. After that, it still takes some time for the media to be accepted in a large area. The sum of these two periods is a complete cycle in which new media is found to be promoted in the education sector. We will often see some new and very advanced media in other fields, but the use and promotion in its education system is obviously far away. This is a very embarrassing thing in the education sector, but it is also understandable. It is a natural thing, and it is not a fatal injury that is irretrievably fatal. There is no need for any pessimism. Because, regardless of the progress and degree of development of society, the education system will not be the most economically powerful system, but a standard post-development system, at least in all countries and regions today, this is all true. According to some materials, the military and aerospace circles of various countries have relatively good economic strength, and the stimulation of Merchants by the game machine market is the source of the birth of new media (8 ), the constraints of economic factors are the reality that the education sector must face up. The correct attitude we should take is to fully understand the post-development characteristics of the education system, and make more efforts to study the post-development rules, strive for the most possible development speed and the most possible social benefits. In fact, whoever can take the initiative to grasp the post-development characteristics of education will be at the forefront of the development of education.

V. Modern education and future education
From the perspective of big education, modern education and future education are certainly more accurate. For example, they describe the characteristics of all-round education, quality education, informatization, and even high efficiency and high quality. However, I am not prepared to do that here, but to give a rough description of modern education and future education from the technical perspective. The popular view is that modern education is divided into three modes: one is the classroom teaching mode, which is usually used by primary and secondary schools. This mode is based on respect for the individuality and autonomy of students, and is controlled by teachers and students independently. It uses a variety of teaching media to disseminate educational information and forms an organic combination of various sensory stimuli for students, and the teaching mode of organic feedback. The second is the long-distance teaching mode. The existing educational television stations, radio and television universities, and so on are the educational processes that run in this mode. The advantage of this mode is that it can easily achieve large-scale coverage through modern communication media such as broadcasting and television. In the condition of insufficient human and financial resources in education, basic education and vocational education are good implementation methods. The third is the self-taught education model for students. learners can learn through various information transmission channels provided by society or some institutions. This mode is widely used in practitioners from all walks of life and is an effective way for them to continue their education, including existing Correspondence and self-study exams. In this mode, the Education Management Department organizes teachers to design specialized teaching schemes and organize teaching materials, and provides educational information sources that can be spread to students through various media. According to the development trend of China's current educational practices, these models will gradually become cross-cutting and integrated, and serve as the common basis for quality education and continuing education in China.
As for the future prospects of education, we often seem to be able to see a lot of fascinating portraits, and in any era, there are always people willing to do such a pleasant thing. At least not just the patents of educational technology experts. For example, educational managers, social activists, sociology scholars, educators, and so-called futuristic scientists who are very fashionable today can all make such portraits, and these portraits are often very similar. No matter who you are, almost all of them talk about the Autonomous Learning Method of learners sitting in front of a computer with the help of a computer network; in this way, the teacher's status is relaxed and the boundaries between learners and instructors are vague. When talking about the rich and diverse ways of learning that society may provide to any learner; talking about talent education and continuing education. From this, we can clearly see how important education technology plays in it. So well, since everyone is so clear about the future, how can they make their senses more practical to pay attention to today's reality. What's more, to achieve any specific goal, we must start from ourselves and from the present.

 

References
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3 Nanguo Nong, "Thoughts on the in-depth development of China's e-education", "China E-education", 1997, 12th, 5th pp.
4 Zhong zhixian, "conflict and reconciliation-humanistic learning theory and teaching technology", electronic education research, 2nd, 6th, pp.
5 Zhao zhongru: "Strengthening the Construction of database information resources to promote the development of internet in China", "Computer World", 8th, 26th, pp.
Zhou xianhua, "Looking at the development trends of newspapers, radio, and television news media from a comparative perspective", Journal of Guangzhou Normal University. Social Science Edition, Issue 1, 3rd, pp.
Seven ciya, "Shock and change-20 Century Education Technology", Shandong Education Press, 1995 edition, 165th pp.
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