Land Management Survey: How to change the way people do less business

Editor's note: China's agricultural modernization must face the basic national conditions of people less and accelerate the transformation of agricultural management mode. Recently, in the process of promoting moderate scale operation, some useful explorations have been made, but some places are keen on the scale by administrative means, even forcing peasants to transfer land, which has infringed the interests of farmers. How to change the way of agricultural management, how to guide the norms?　　This edition will continue to report on this issue. Hubei province Jingshan County Yongxing Town--cooperation farming also earns money "Yongxing Town Archives" 20 administrative villages, 137 villagers group, the farmer number 5243 households, the cultivated area 51923 mu, each person arable land 9.9 mu small production faces the autumn Yongxing Town Rice fragrance.　　Here there is a large rice paddies, Harvester Rumble operation, there is a slap on the terrace, the old peasant bending sweat, the same water and soil climate, different harvests. "Yongxing Town, young people are out of work, farming is mostly the elderly and women, basically by the old ways, a small production faced with increasing problems."　　"said Li June, deputy secretary of Yongxing Town in charge of agriculture. Su Ying Fan 49-year-old farmer Yang Yuqing calculate a ledger, his home has 13 acres of farmland, each year, a season of rice, a season of wheat. Rice 1200 kg per mu, according to the current market value of 1.05 yuan, income of 1260 yuan, and fertilizer, seeds, pesticides and other expenditures combined with 405 yuan. Wheat output of 600 kg per mu, according to the market value of 0.8 yuan, income of 480 yuan, expenditure has 255 yuan. Plus a variety of subsidies, grain direct replenishment, agricultural comprehensive subsidies, such as more than 100 yuan.　　Calculate Nieder, regardless of manpower, an annual net income is more than 1180 yuan per acre. One to the busy season, the whole family to battle, tired. Yang Yuqing said: "Wage a day can earn more than 100 yuan, farming benefits or not cost-effective." "Cooperatives cost more efficiency than the 27-year-old Liu Joe, graduated from Henan Agricultural University after returning to farming." "Scale up, reduce costs, the benefits can go up."　　In April 2008, Liu Joe combined 4 large grain farmers to establish a professional cooperative, now 212 households in the household, expanding to 14987 Mu. Cooperation into scale, many agricultural manufacturers to come to the door. Liu Joe said that this year's spring plowing, fertilizer market price of 3200 yuan per ton, and sold to cooperatives to a low of 450 yuan.　　More than two years, the cooperative procurement of seeds, fertilizers, such as more than 13 million yuan, for the members of the savings of more than 1.93 million yuan. Not only the agricultural cheap, the most happy is from the species to the realization of "one-stop" service, not only worry and effort, order price is also higher than the market price a few cents. Last year, the cooperatives to provide guarantees to help large farmers loan a total of 1.11 million yuan. Set up a farm machinery Maintenance fund, once encountered a major failure, cooperatives bear 90% of the maintenance costs. Cooperatives also implement rebates and dividends combined, Liu Joe said: "Cooperatives have returned to members of 1.541 million yuan, each household more than 7,000 yuan, real gold and silver most attractive." "Farmers Liu Zhigang calculate: After joining cooperatives, each acre of fertilizer savings 22 yuan, machineThe whole, machine Plug and machine to save a total of 65 yuan, unified control and increase production efficiency of 50 yuan, order to increase the food yield of about 60 yuan, his home 20 acres of farmland, last year revenue a total of 3796 yuan.　　Jingshan County Party committee secretary Zheng said that cooperatives to the small sampan of farmers to form a large fleet, taking into account the individual farmers of the contractual rights and interests, is to achieve a modern agriculture is an effective way. Solve the problem that the farmers can not do, the government can not package the problems of decentralized management is difficult to solve, the government can not be arranged by the trouble. Farmers Huan Benhua used to worry about irrigation, home only 5 acres of farmland, pumping stations to a single farmer does not turn on, five or six together to open. But some farmers field block away from the pump station, five or six hours to finish pouring 1 acres of farmland, some close, 1 hours can be poured 10 acres of farmland, contradictions difficult to solve.　　Cooperatives in the field of basic even into a piece, unified irrigation, according to the cost of MU, plainly, irrigation problems solved. Liu Joe said, pest control, machine collection and so on, there are similar problems, individual farmers are not good, the government can not pack, cooperatives are just the bridge across the river. "As long as there is scale, farming can earn money!" "The biggest headache now is the loan.　　Liu Joe said that at present, farmers can only find small loans credit cooperatives, each sum of up to 50,000 yuan, the big farm is not thirsty, the large need for working capital, the bank can according to the scale of operation directly credit? Now cooperatives Gong only more than 400,000 yuan, in order to increase the value of food, cooperatives plan to develop fish and duck farming. "Farmers sell food is the small head, the bulk of the processing enterprises to earn, farming can let corn and other local transformation, improve value-added." Cooperatives can only continue to allow members to increase income, agricultural efficiency, there is a way out.　　"Liu Joe said. Jiangxi Province Zhangshu Chang Fou-scale services have "money" way "Chang Fou Archives" Agricultural population of 28,900 people, 52,000 acres of arable land, of which 45,700 mu of paddy field, per capita paddy field 1.58 mu "hoe to" than but "wipe the mud Knife" rice flower, Changfu field vitality. Despite two floods this summer, the total output of rice is expected to be 42300 tonnes, roughly the same as last year. Zhou Fanggen, director of the town Nong, said: "The promotion policy, plus the Good Technology promotion, since 2005, the whole town rice production has been increasing production for 5 consecutive years." "In the field of Cheng Tou village, most of the busy are old people and women. Li Dongru, 50, said he worked as a mason in the city, earning more than 80 yuan a day, about 25,000 yuan a year. He said: "Most of the village young people go out to work, farming is only a ' sideline '." Son daughter-in-law are outside work, usually home 6 mu of land all rely on his wife a person to take care of, no idea how much money to earn, can place rations on the line. "Lao Li broke the finger to calculate the account to: every MU Tian Labor is not counted, a year can earn more than 800 yuan, compared to the income of workers much higher." "' Hoe is better than ' wipe the mud knife '!　　He can't help playing jokes. Zhou Fanggen said that the town long-term migrant workers in the labor force of more than 7,300 people, in addition to more than 4,300 people near where, in the home speciesThe number of young adults in the field is less than 20%.　　A survey of the town Nong that, due to the shortage of labor, local rural wages from 2004 per capita 18 yuan each day rose to the current 75 yuan, coupled with the agricultural and agricultural machinery operating costs rose, and some farmers to the two-season rice into a single crop, and even the emergence of farmland farmland phenomenon. The benefit of the big grain is the same as farming but has different condition.　　Villagers in Hong Kong village Aofenling Field, even the late-growing rice has been all flowering, and the way of the field block some just out of Qi Sui, and some still in the heading. Aofenling said: "This 50 acres is my sublet, unified with the new excellent varieties, mature consistent, harvesting, drying, packaging are convenient." In 2007, he first put relatives of more than 20 acres of farmland rented, two seasons of rice net earned 17,000 yuan. In early 2009, he signed a lease agreement with 12 farmers in the village, expanding the rice area to more than 90 acres and becoming a big town. "High-quality varieties, coupled with scientific management, per mu yield than ordinary farmers 30 kilograms higher than the average price of 3 cents per catty!"　　"he said. Moderate scale has led to the promotion of improved varieties and good technology. In order to operate these fields, Aofenling invested 150,000 yuan to acquire 2 transplanter, 2 rotary tiller machines and 1 combine harvester. "With the farm machinery, not only save money, but also make money." During the busy time, I was often asked by other farmers to help, this income is no more than million yuan a year. "In Chang Fou, more than 50 acres of farmers have 34 households, of which more than 100 mu of 2 households, large plant area of more than 2000 acres, accounting for the whole town paddy field area of 4.37%, planting 20 mu to 50 mu of farmers have 726, planting an area of 25,400 mu, accounting for the whole town paddy field area 55.6%.　　This year, the whole town coverage of 100%, agricultural practical technology popularization rate of more than 80%, tillage rate of 85%. Social services have the potential to "Hello, farmers wholesale Department, help me to send 30 packets of potash over." "Hang up the phone, Luo hu cun Villagers Liu Chunlin happy to say:" I planted 137 acres of farmland, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides to make a phone call someone to the doorstep, the other price concessions. "Not only that, but also after-sales service."　　In the first half of this year, he bought a farm in the city of the herbicide effect is not obvious, he called the consultation telephone, soon there will be technical staff door-to-door guidance. The size of the service is also operating on a scale, but the village's dispersed growers are less bullish. Zhou Fanggen Analysis, the current township government engaged in agricultural technology services, only 17 people, aged 35 to 45 years old, which graduated from the professional institutions of less than 40%, most of the part-time, simply ignore. Although, in recent years under the guidance of national policy, the town has 17 of the size of agricultural sales point, Agricultural Technology Advisory Service Point 18, grain acquisition processing point 8, and so on, initially formed a cover town, village, group of Agriculture socialization service network, but these service outlets also exist small and scattered, management irregular, disorderly competition and other limitations,　　Did not play its due benefits. "Social services have great potential. "Zhou Fanggen that the key inTo break the agricultural socialization service "bottleneck", the way out is to do a good integration article. He said, "The town's existing 3 food-growing professional cooperatives, members only more than 420 people, such a scale is obviously not suited to industrialization requirements, the future of the town to the size of farmers as the core, to jointly disperse farmers to form more cooperatives." At the same time, to guide various types of agricultural services outlets for various forms of joint-stock cooperation to achieve large-scale production and large-scale services to the effective docking. "As long as the service to a bit, we will be able to usher in a harvest year after another!" "Zhou Fanggen--The old man who worked at the grass-roots level in agriculture for 26 years is full of longing. (Reporter Zhangzhi Cheng)