Yunnan's choice of direct access to the Indian Ocean

Open to the Indian Ocean Southwest and South Asia International corridor construction, it is possible in the vast Indian Ocean region to form a new Asian trade circle text/"Lookout" Newsweek reporter Li Ziliang Wu Xiaoyang "' China Open bridgehead to the southwest" has risen to national strategic planning. "Recently, authorities told Outlook News weekly, the State Council is about to introduce a guiding opinion on the strategy of implementing the" China to the Southwest Open bridgehead ", and the implementation of the" bridgehead "strategy is of great significance in improving the quality and level of the open border of China, promoting the opening-up of the western region and speeding up the western development. "As early as 2009, when General Secretary Hu Jintao inspected Yunnan, he pointed out that Yunnan should" expand the breadth and depth of opening to the outside world, promote foreign trade, use foreign capital and enterprises to go up to the level, especially to give full play to the advantages of Yunnan as an important land channel to Southeast Asia and South Asia The exchanges and cooperation between South Asia and the Greater Mekong subregion have continuously promoted the quality and level of openness along the border, making Yunnan an important bridgehead for opening up to the southwest of China. In August 2009, the Central Finance and Economic leadership group Office and other departments composed of two visits to Yunnan Research Group, July 2010, the National 46 ministries formed joint Research Group, on the establishment of bridgehead construction guidance and special planning to Yunnan in-depth research. August 2, 2010, "Outlook" Newsweek, "Yunnan Big Passage" as the title, the special Report on the strategic meaning of this national planning. Now, with the introduction of the plan, Yunnan will play a role in the "bridgehead" strategy? What problems does Yunnan have to solve in the "bridgehead" strategy?　　Our correspondent once again visited the new progress of strategy implementation. Triple strategic meaning "bridgehead" is our greatest opportunity. We will give full play to our location advantages and transportation advantages, the construction of a large-scale integrated logistics center. The center will radiate two domestic and foreign markets, with a big future.　　In the face of this reporter's inquiries, the Chinese-Burmese border of Yunnan province Baoshan Tengchong County Zhonghe Township Party secretary He Shenhui a face excited. In an interview with "Lookout" Newsweek, Dongzhiyun, director of the Yunnan Provincial Government Research Institute who participated in the preliminary work of the "bridgehead", and Professor Li Chenyang, director of the Southeast Asia study of Yunnan University, said that the "bridgehead" construction differs from other regional development plans in China, and its strategic, geopolitical and peripheral diplomacy　　Along the side open and energy security, promote the development of the West and frontier ethnic poor areas, has multiple strategic significance. The first is to carry out the central "periphery is the first", "with the neighbor for good, with the neighbor as the companion" and "good-neighbourliness, creating an amicable, rich neighbour" important diplomatic policy, create a stable surrounding environment, deepen our country and Southeast Asia and South Asia mutually beneficial cooperation.　　Advancing this strategy will help deepen the political mutual trust and friendly cooperation between China and neighboring countries and ensure the long-term strategic interests of the country. The second is to improve the quality and level of the opening along the border, further improve China's opening-up pattern and open up new channels of trade and energy resources linking the Indian Ocean by land. Since reform and opening-up, our country alongThe opening and development of the border areas lag behind the eastern coastal region.　　Access to transport and oil and gas pipelines from Yunnan to Burma can be reached from the south-west coast of Burma to the Indian Ocean, which is conducive to national energy security and economic security. The third is to provide strong impetus for the development of the frontier ethnic poor areas, promote the development of the West and build a well-off society in an all-round way.　　With the development of "bridgehead", Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing and other provinces and cities in southwest China will become the open frontier from inland outlying areas, which can make better use of the two domestic and foreign markets and two kinds of resources to change the closed and backward face of the frontier ethnic poor areas. "Bridgehead" construction conditions mature participation "to accelerate the completion of Yunnan to open up the important ' bridgehead ' to the southwest of China," lichen yang analysis, Yunnan has become an open bridgehead for Southeast Asia and South Asia has a unique advantage. Adjacent to the ASEAN countries such as Burma, Laos and Viet Nam, Yunnan has a border of more than 4,000 kilometres, which has been an important channel for countries bordering Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean since ancient times.　　The "Stilwell" road from Yunnan to India played an important role in the "World War II" period. Lichen Yang believes that at present, Yunnan to Southeast Asia, South Asian countries, roads, railways, aviation and water transport channels have been embryonic, with Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and India have established a multilateral consultation mechanism. Yunnan and Southeast Asia, South Asia trade volume of 40%, with the surrounding countries ranked the forefront of economic and technical cooperation.　　There are nearly 8000 students from Southeast Asia and South Asia in Yunnan. The construction of "bridgehead" has been identified as one of the three strategic development goals of Yunnan in the new period. At the end of 2009, the eight eight plenary meetings of Yunnan Provincial party committee established the three strategic goals of "building a strong green economy, strong national culture and an important bridgehead for opening up to the southwest of China".　　The "Twelve-Five" plan of Yunnan Province puts forward that it should grasp the historical opportunity of building China's open "bridgehead" for the Southwest and continuously expand open space and improve the quality and level of openness. 2010, Yunnan Provincial party committee secretary Bai Enbei successfully visited Vietnam, Burma and Laos, the governor of the Qin Guangrong group launched a "South Asian friendship and Cooperation line" to deepen exchanges and cooperation with neighboring countries reached a series of consensus. Yunnan Province to integrate the relevant government departments and research institutes of the force, around the "bridgehead" construction carried out more than 20 special research, covering infrastructure, industrial development, open cooperation and construction projects, the initial formation of the "bridgehead" the overall plan and a number of research results.　　The state city is also actively conducting investigation and research, in the "bridgehead" construction to find new positioning and development ideas. The construction idea facing the Indian Ocean Luo Zhengfu, deputy governor of Yunnan Province, introduced the regional direction of bridgehead construction. "China opened to the southwest" is mainly open to the Indian Ocean, that is, Southeast Asia, South Asia as the focus, radiation on the Indian Ocean coast, extended to Western Asia and Eastern Africa and other large areas. These areas cover 55 countries, with a total population of 2.8 billion, with rich resources and a huge market. With the "Introduction to" the main open in eastern China is notIn the same way, the opening to the southwest of China is based on "going Out", which is mainly open to the cooperation of developing countries, and it needs to be innovated and explored in many aspects. Strategic positioning of bridgehead construction. Dongzhiyun Introduction, the strategic orientation of bridgehead construction is summarized as follows: First, China's opening up to the southwest of the international channel; the second is the pilot area of China's open development cooperation and implementation of the "go out" strategy; the third is the export-oriented characteristic superiority industrial base; four are the demonstration areas of national unity and stability　　Five is the ecological security barrier in the important watershed of southwest China.　　To this end, he told our correspondent, around the construction of "channels, bases, platforms, Windows", Yunnan Province to strive through two five years of planning efforts, Yunnan built a veritable bridgehead. One is to speed up the construction of international channels.　　The establishment of the Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean along the coast of the countries interconnected transport, oil and gas, electricity, communications and other international channels and hubs, the construction of central Yunnan Economic Circle, along the edge of the open economic Belt and Kunming to Yangon, Kunming to Bangkok, Kunming to Hanoi, Kunming to Calcutta and other Second, to create export-oriented characteristics of industrial base.　　The use of domestic and foreign two markets, two resources, to undertake the eastern region of industrial transfer, to build Yunnan into export-oriented exports processing trade base, resource deep-processing base, clean new energy-carrying industrial base and characteristics of agricultural production and processing base. The third is to improve the open cooperation platform.　　Deepen the all-round cooperation with Southeast Asia and South Asia, and actively integrate into the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, promote the Greater Mekong subregion cooperation and the Bangladesh-India-Burma regional economic cooperation, run the Kunming Fair, the South Asian National Commodity exhibition, and actively establish the China-South Asia Expo and other exhibitions and forums. Four is the construction Cultural Exchange window.　　We should steadily promote the opening-up and cooperation in the fields of education, medical care, sports and tourism, and carry out the cultural exchange activities with distinctive features and various forms, so as to make Yunnan a model window for demonstrating Chinese culture, enhancing mutual understanding, and promoting international friendship. Multiple challenges and multiple opportunities However, Dongzhiyun also pointed out that, due to historical and practical reasons, Yunnan still has a lack of development, development, imbalance, the quality of development is not high, the bridgehead construction faced with multiple constraints, mainly reflected in three aspects: first, infrastructure construction lag. The transportation network of Yunnan to Southeast Asia and South Asia is not perfect. The province area nearly 400,000 square kilometers, but the railroad traffic mileage only 2000 kilometers, the net density ranked in the national lowest 2nd place, the cargo request to satisfy the rate to be only about 20% long. The provincial planning and construction of highway 6000 kilometers, built operation less than 3000 kilometers, along the road network needs to be improved. The large amount of water resources but low utilization, last year, the severe drought fully exposed the serious lag of water conservancy facilities.　　Port construction needs to be strengthened. Second, the economic strength is relatively weak. In the National Industrial Division pattern, Yunnan has long been in the resource supply position, and the resource advantage has not been transformed into economic advantage. Yunnan's GDP per capita is about 54% of the national average, ranking 29th in the country. Last year, local revenue of 87.1 billion yuan, wealthThe political self-sufficiency rate is only 38% and can be used for construction of insufficient financial resources.　　of the 129 counties in the province, there are 73 state-level impoverished counties and 7 provincial impoverished counties, and as of the end of 2009, there are 5.55 million poor people, and the poverty is still serious in the border areas of Yunnan, Wumeng Mountain area, Ailao areas, rocky desertification region and Di Qing Tibetan area and so on. Third, the border stability task is arduous. South-East Asia and South Asia have long been the world's politically sensitive regions and the hot spots for all parties.　　Cross-border crime, immigration and smuggling and other non-traditional security issues have affected my border security. It is a strategic, overall and long-term task that the bridgehead construction has large span, many work contents and long construction period, and it is urgent to give specific guidance and strong support to the country level.　　Luo Zhengfu said that the promotion of "bridgehead" construction, first in the international Corridor and open cooperation platform for the construction of the need for national support. In the international corridor construction, he suggested that the state should support Yunnan to build roads, railways, water transport, aviation, oil and gas pipelines, and electricity, telecommunications and other channels and hubs connecting South-East Asia and South Asia, and highways to accelerate the construction of the Mandalay-Magui-Jiao ectoplasms of Kunming-Ruili-Burma Support the construction of Kunming-Tengchong-Myanmar Michina-Ban-India redo road and Kunming-Ruili-Myanmar Mandalay-Bangladesh Dhaka-India Calcutta Highway; Railway to accelerate the construction of the Trans-Asian railway line Kunming to grind Han Duan, supporting the construction of the border between Yunnan and the city of railway lines;　　International routes in South Asia and the Middle East, speeding up the construction of oil and gas pipelines in China and Burma, and constructing the national petroleum refining and reserve base in Yunnan. In the open cooperation platform and the mechanism construction, we should deepen the all-round cooperation with Southeast Asia and South Asia, enhance the level and level of economic cooperation between the Greater Mekong subregion and the Bangladesh-India-Burma region, perfect the bilateral cooperation mechanism with other countries, enhance the exhibition activities such as Kunming and South Asian countries, and support the holding of China-South Asia Exposition in Yunnan.　　To promote the opening-up and cooperation in the fields of education, medical care and sports, and to support Yunnan to carry out various cultural exchange activities, so as to make Yunnan a model window to showcase Chinese culture and promote international friendship. In the construction of the side open function area, it is suggested to expedite the construction of the key development and open test zone of Ruili, to promote the construction of cross-border economic cooperation zone, to support the good conditions of the Sino-Burmese border Ruili-Muzhe, China-Vietnam border Mill-Ding, Sino-Vietnamese border estuary-old street in opening up and cooperation in the first attempt to explore a side open development of an effective path To play a model role in promoting the development of other border areas with openness.