network protocols

the address type to be converted, and 0x0800 is the IP address, the length of the following two addresses is 6 and 4 (bytes) for the ethernet address and IP address respectively. The op field is 1, indicating the ARP request, and the OP field is 2, indicating the ARP response. The process of the Address Resolution Protocol is as follows: Iv. RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) The opposite of ARP is mainly used to obtain the IP address of a diskless workstation, as shown in. 5. ICMP

artificially banned, so there are other mechanisms that can still pass SessionID back to the server when the cookie is banned. This technique is called URL rewriting, that is, the SessionID directly appended to the URL path, there are two additional ways, one is as the URL path of additional information, the representation of http://www.wantsoft.com/index.asp; Jsessionid= byok3vjfd75apnrf7c2hmdnv6qzcebzwowibyenlerjq99zwpbng!-145788764.The other is appended to the URL as a query string, in the f

Common ping command protocols in the Network Network Protocol Network Firewall Router ICMP is the abbreviation of "Internet Control Message Ptotocol" (Internet Control Message Protocol. It is a sub-Protocol of the TCP/IP protocol family. It is used to transmit control messages between IP hosts and routers. A message c

ICMP is the so-called Internet Control Messaging Protocol (PROTOCOL), which is commonly used to transmit error messages and other information that should be noted in the network. ICMP is generally considered to be the same level as the IP protocol, IMCP packets are usually used by IP layer or higher level protocol (such as TCP or UDP), ICMP for the internet and other ip-based network based on the normal ope

This article describes the first example: five simple TCP Network service protocols, including Echo (RFC 862), Discard (RFC 863), Chargen (RFC 864), Daytime (RFC 867), Time (RFC 868), and time The client of the Protocol. The functions of each agreement are as follows: * Discard-discard all data received; * Daytime-service-side accept connection, send the current time as a string, and then actively disconn

files and their protocols. Note: Here said that send, receive file is standing in the position of the client said, when the client sent the file, for the server to collect, is to receive files. 1.2 Receiving files The receiving file is actually exactly the same as sending the file, except that the client writes data to the network stream or the server writes the data to the

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Here are some highlights of the data link layer of the network protocol. Here we mainly explain the problem of the loop interface. Loopback: a logical and Virtual Interface on the router. the router does not have any loopback interface by default. this interface allows client programs and server programs running on the same host to communicate through TCP/IP. generally, the system assigns 127.0.0.1 to this interface and name it localhost. an IP datagr

Document directory The Technique Required NAT behavior Changes in Version 2 Http://midcom-p2p.sourceforge.net/ Nat checkVersion 3, with TCP support!Check the compatibility of your NAT (network address translator) and P2P protocolsNat check by Bryan Ford, Web magic by Dave AndersonHosted by MIDCOM-P2P project on SourceForge In the current IPv4 environment, the implementation of P2P protocol is technically more important than how to traverse NAT a

We certainly don't know the MAC protocol. This Protocol defines the network address and is the foundation of our network. Now, we will give a brief analysis and introduction on this protocol, hoping to give you a deeper understanding of this Protocol. Meaning Media Access Control Meaning Media Access Control It defines how data packets are transmitted on the media. In a link that shares the same bandwidth,

As this chapter is mainly an introductory topic, I will not talk about it much. Here is an overview of the Internet! 【Note] Reprint address: http://www.cnblogs.com/hill/archive/2006/10/12/527499.html China Mobile and China Unicom have implemented GPRS networks and CDMA networks covering a large number of regions. It is possible to achieve data transmission through wireless networks. Wireless modem uses GPRS and CDMA modules to transmit data through China Mobile and China Unicom's GPRS and CD

1. if no relevant data exists in the DNS cache, IE browser sends a DNS request to the DNS server: The purpose of this process is to obtain the IP address corresponding to the domain name www.sina.com; the IE browser sends a DNS request to the local DNS module, and the DNS module generates the relevant DNS packets. The DNS module transmits the generated DNS packets to the UDP Protocol Unit at the transport layer; the UDP Protocol Unit encapsulates the data into a UDP datagram and sends it to the

Redundancy is common point for today's topologies. Especially in mission-critical networks The It is isn't acceptable that using only one gateway to reach a point. Because One gateway means single point of failure.With multiple gateways, you can still reach the remote node even if that's connect fails. As soon as one of the gateway down, the link changes through and other gateway. Here with the word gateway. I mean the router that router so you use to reach a point, or with redundancy, multiply

The Network Protocol application layer of each layer of the Computer: (typical devices: applications, such as FTP, SMTP, HTTP) Dynamic Host Allocation Protocol (DHCP) (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), using UDP Protocol, there are two main purposes: to automatically allocate IP addresses to internal networks or network service providers, to users or internal networ