One of the Linux learning tutorials

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I believe that a lot of beginners who want to learn Linux are worried about what to look at Linux learning Tutorials Good, the following small series for everyone to collect and organize some of the more important tutorials for everyone to learn, if you want to learn more words, can go to wdlinux school to find more tutorials.

1, what is the RPM package

RPM is the abbreviation for Red Hat Package manager, which is intended to be Red Hat package management, as the name suggests is the package management tool that Red Hat contributes; in Fedora, Redhat, Mandriva, SuSE, Mainstream distributions such as Yellowdog, and two developed distributions based on these editions;

What's in the RPM package? contains executable binaries, which are compiled executable programs similar to the. exe file in the Windows package. The RPM package also includes files that are required for the program to run, similar to Windows ' software packages, Windows programs running, and other files in addition to the. exe file.

An application in an RPM package, sometimes in addition to its own attached files to ensure that it is normal, but also the need for a specific version of the file, which is the dependency of the software package, the dependency is not unique to Linux, Windows operating system is the same; For example, we run 3D games in Windows and when installed, he may be prompted to install direct 9; Linux and Windows are the same principle;

CentOS is a redhat version, so it is completely compatible under CentOS, Wdos is a compact version of CentOS and fully compatible

2. MySQL database Migration/backup/restore operation instructions

MySQL is a very good database system, can be used under the win, but also can be used in Linux under this article is just a few operations under Linux

MySQL database backup, can be in a variety of ways

1 Direct packaging of the database file directory (I am more commonly used, but there is a request for MySQL version of the same or similar)

2 mysqldump

3 phpMyAdmin

There are other tools.

In the background of WDCP, it is possible to back up this database, but there is no recovery or automatic recovery, what to do when the recovery?

The backup directory is

/www/backup/mysql

To recover, direct decompression can

Tar zxvf dbname.tar.gz-c/www/wdlinux/mysql/var/

That's it.

dbname.tar.gz backup files for the database you want to restore

Of course, this is by default

Sometimes, you need to modify the permissions of this extracted directory for MySQL

As

Chown-r Mysql.mysql/www/wdlinux/mysql/var/dbname

The reason for this modification, mainly has moved the directory or upload or download and other reasons, changed the original file permissions, so need to modify, the default backup recovery, is not allowed to modify this

The same situation, if the migration server, can also be packaged to upload decompression, you can directly upload the entire directory to/www/wdlinux/mysql/var

In this case, be sure to change the permissions, otherwise it will not start, or the database can not write operations

After the operation, do not forget to restart the database, or may not be effective, such as

Service mysqld Restart

Notes

This method of directly manipulating the database directory file is limited to the same or similar use of MySQL version, otherwise there may be other problems

At this point, you can use Mysqldump,phpmyadmin to export, and then import the method

3. Linux hard disk Load/Mount method

Related articles, have said, Linux, there is no c,d disk such concept, some only directory, everything is based on the directory as the standard

The most basic and top-level is the root directory (/), there can be many directories, the root can be loaded into a hard disk partition, any directory below, can also load another hard disk partition, which is a Linux directory structure/hard drive management of a convenience

Also, Linux on the hard disk representation, is generally

/DEV/SD (x)

/DEV/HD (x)

....

The x above represents a/b/c/d/e/..., which represents the first few hard drives

Then the partitions, such as

SDA (x)

Here is the number of x, such as 1/2/3/4/5/..., which represents the first few partitions

For example, I am now going to add a new hard drive, connect to the boot system

You can use Fidks-l to see what name it is.

Like/dev/sdb.

If the area is now divided and formatted (if not, use Fisk partition)

Like what

/DEV/SDB1 is the first partition

Then I'm going to load this into the filesystem directory and how to do it

Mount/dev/sdb1/home

It's done.

To join the system boot auto load, just add to the fstab can be, as follows

/dev/sdb1/www ext3 Defaults 1 2

It's all done.

In WDCP, the default software installation is in the WWW directory, sometimes the root directory is not enough or installed on another partition, you can load the new partition into the WWW directory can be

According to the above, change the filesystem to www.

(Note that this is a new installation, that is, this is the case before installation, if you have installed WDCP, this is not the case, specifically to see WDCP tutorial)

4. What is Yum

Yum (full name Yellow Dog Updater, flushes) is a shell front-end package manager in Fedora and Redhat as well as SuSE and CentOS. Based on the RPM package management, can automatically download the RPM package from the specified server and install, can automatically handle dependencies, and install all the dependent software packages, without tedious downloading, installation.

Package source

Packages available for Yum downloads include Fedora's own software packages and Fedora Extras from Rpmfusion and rpm.livna.org, all maintained by the Linux community and essentially free software. All packages have a separate GPG signature, primarily for your system security. For Fedora Core 4.0 users, the rpm.livna.org signature is automatically imported and installed.

Graphical front-end

The graphical front-end of Yum is mainly Yumex and Kyum. They are not independent of yum, but Yum graphical front-end, which means that the installation and use of Yumex and Kyum are all based on Yum installation and configuration, so when you use Yumex or Kyum, you must first install the configuration yum.

Common Command line commands

Install software (for example, foo-x.x.x.rpm): Yum install foo-x.x.x.rpm yum common command removal software: Yum remove foo-x.x.x.rpm or yum erase

Upgrade software: Yum upgrade foo or yum update foo

Query information: Yum info foo

Search software (for example, include Foo field): Yum search foo

Other parameters See man yum

This article is excerpted from Wdlinux Forum, reproduced please specify!