Website analysis: The analysis and reference of Railway Ministry system

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Recently, the railway Ministry of the "New generation of ticket system" has a lot of news and comments, in fact, I would like to speak, but to really say that the test of time can not live, the audience, live up to the fans, bear the responsibility, it really takes time, space, information. Just now 11 long vacation, have time to write a length blog, good talk about their views.

The first part, I understand the railway ticket system.

According to the information disclosed by the Ministry of Railways Informatization Office (http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2012-09-28/023925269946.shtml), the new generation ticketing system mainly includes 12306 website ticketing, customer service website, customer service voice, Internet access security, electronic payment platform, system network, train services, marketing decision-making, system monitoring, system testing environment, access to the consignment point security, computer room environment and other systems supporting hardware and software equipment procurement and construction. And the system's application software, "In view of the new generation ticket system is to the original railway ticket system upgrades, in order to ensure the system application software development continuity and functional requirements, by the original Railway passenger ticket system research and Development Unit--China Railway Science Research Institute electronics." ”

From the disclosure of information it is not difficult to draw such a conclusion: the successful winning of Taiji and the same side is mainly to do is the hardware and "supporting system", and as the core of information systems-application software, the Iron Institute "self-development." And from the time, the September 14 Tai Chi just announced the winning "New Generation Ticket system", hardware equipment should still be in the original warehouse, more than 300 million investment has not entered into force, now in use should be the original "Railway ticket system." In this sense, the current exposure of the Web site capacity, poor security, bad experience, and so on, just explain to the current system upgrade the importance and urgency, and in this project, but also the introduction of external companies to implement security, monitoring, decision-making and other systems construction.

The second part, I on the "Railway ticket system" and "New Generation ticket system" in the planning and design perspective.

One: The Ministry of Railways as a representative of the traditional industry, there are some misunderstandings in the construction of information systems, which may include:

1 Heavy hardware light software is a common problem in the domestic informatization project. The leader sees the hardware equipment to put there, the heart is steadfast; software is difficult to quantify, especially the cost of independent research and development software should be how to calculate? The general system 70% investment is the hardware, the software only occupies the 20–30%, but also contains the security software, the tool software and so on, many times the application software is sends. 330 million investment seems to be not small, but the software input will be how much?

2 for a service enterprise, customer-oriented "website ticketing, customer service, payment" and other links should be the most attention to the application system, that is, customer experience, customer-centric, should be as an important principle of IT system construction. But for the traditional enterprise, the back-end management needs, core data, internal efficiency and benefits are often placed in a more important position. The railway passenger ticket system of the Ministry of Railways has a poor customer experience, whether it is insufficient investment or lack of attention, rooted or ideological concept has not turned around, not really customer-centric.

3 The construction of light operation, neglect of security and services. This is not much said, we all see, hope that the Ministry of Railways can learn from the lesson, and mend.

Second: Ticket as the core resource of ticket system, data management and the design of the use process is very important.

1 The national ticketing centralized management is a great event, involving both headquarters and local management and power disputes, but also technical problems. Train ticket and plane ticket is not the same, midway can get off, a Beijing to Shanghai seat, can be a station in the end, can also be sold to Beijing to Jinan and Jinan to Shanghai two people, or even more combinations, so ticket management is very complex. If the railway department takes operational efficiency as the goal of ticket management, hope that every train to get the maximum benefit, then the train ticket management algorithm will be more complex, and complex operation will reduce the efficiency of the system, so the designer of this aspect is absolutely not can do, must be the technology and business master.

2 from the point of view of the ticket, the operation of ticketing resources to experience the production, pre-account, out of the vote, and so on, may also occur back, change and other operations, process and interface design is very critical. Is whether the system generates resources or retrieves resources based on order requests, whether the process is synchronized or asynchronous, and so on. When you encounter an oversized business volume, each error design can have a fatal negative impact on the system.

3 Abnormal flow and special needs is also very important, plainly, is the demand department should not give themselves some back door, to keep their own number of rent-seeking space. It system is silly, will only follow the rules, will not be based on the principle of flexible control, to the leadership and connections to leave a ticket, and this demand has a large number of how many? It is not a panacea, but it can indeed achieve a clear customer needs, this demand is not satisfied, will be cursed by the demand department, but the exception process, the special needs of many, the system is complex, slow.

4 the high efficiency and automation of it may lead to a doubling of supply and demand contradictions in the case of insufficient resources and short supply. Capacity on so much, even if the ticket resources to Jingdong, Suning, Taobao, Ctrip Open, ticket gap problem still can not solve. And if the ticket resources to the electricity business, how to balance the resources between the channels, will not appear to rob the site to occupy the resources of the situation? If the electricity business occupies the ticket, the situation of the tension of ticket resources will intensify, so the solution of these problems is indeed not simple.

In short, such a software system is not likely to be a mature copy of commercial software, the Ministry of Railways let its own research institute to develop this core system is justified, those cattle companies and cattle, you do this set of ticketing resources management system? And some people question the system's interception or retention of ticket resources.

Third: By the criticism of the 12306 Web site, is currently only a railroad railway passenger ticket system development of a subsidiary module, but is the source of the problem, it is necessary to reflect and focus attention.

1 The core of the Iron Academy and the main force are concentrated in the management of ticket resources, so 12306 of the site in funds, equipment, security mechanisms, personnel and other resources to invest less, this is the site rotten, the main reason for many low-level errors.

2 Since this website is a small module of railway ticketing system, there is no separate project, and lack of resources, it is likely that the development and construction of nonstandard, technical design is not rigorous, acceptance testing and not the question, it is possible that a few computer students to tinker out, and large system mix together, can not carry out separate cost accounting; And this may be delayed to publish the cost of the site construction, really calculate up, I am afraid that is a few servers, a number of primary software developers pay, do not take shots ah.

3 Do it should understand, process design more consideration is the operating efficiency of the core system, if the railway ticket resources management as the core system, then the Web site design must be to appease the internal process, which is more likely to increase the burden of 12306 Web sites, resulting in a further decline in customer experience.

4 Objectively speaking, the design of the website is not simple, or there are some technical difficulties in the way of the people's demand for railway passenger tickets and the sale of tickets in railway departments. There have been a lot of discussions on this recently, and we will not repeat them.

The third part: In this incident, IT support system construction can refer to and lessons learned.

1 service enterprises, especially those directly to provide products and services to end customers, IT system design and construction must be customer-centric, process design should focus on customer embodiment and user's use efficiency. According to the traditional "resource-centric, to achieve the maximization of internal resource benefits" principle of the design and construction of the system, users will be scolded death. The system construction of telecom operators must take warning.

2 to the Iron Academy to raise a wake-up call, the system of integrated design ideas and a single system is not the same. This new generation ticket system is the way of multi system integration, Web site, payment, security, decision-making are independent modules, these modules and the core system integration model has a variety of technology to achieve the solution, but in the business volume is very large, operating efficiency is very important, the choice of technical options must be prudent; and this problem, Focus on the business process design.

3 Information System construction should not only master the core, but also consider some parts to the specialized companies or units to implement, not only to focus on hardware, key and core or application software. Leaders hope that the software development, control the core, but to achieve this beautiful goal, not only to have a large number of human resources, but also have a lot of other supporting conditions, otherwise, once the system problems, negative impact greater.

Original: Http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7e63cdbb01013wtb.html?tj=1